Table 6: Union membership and union coverage, 12-months ending December, 2019 to 2025
By region, division, and state
	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	Change
								2025-2024	2025-2019
Coverage (%)
Northeast	17.3%	18.1%	17.9%	16.9%	17.0%	17.2%	17.1%	−0.2	−0.2
New England	14.1%	14.8%	14.4%	14.0%	13.9%	15.6%	15.3%	−0.3	1.2
Connecticut	16.0%	18.4%	16.2%	15.4%	16.9%	17.8%	17.2%	−0.6	1.2
Maine	13.7%	16.6%	14.7%	11.5%	10.8%	15.2%	14.1%	−1.1	0.4
Massachusetts	13.2%	12.9%	13.6%	13.8%	13.5%	15.6%	15.3%	−0.3	2.1
New Hampshire	11.6%	11.0%	11.3%	11.1%	10.9%	10.7%	9.8%	−0.8	−1.8
Rhode Island	19.0%	19.1%	17.5%	17.8%	13.3%	15.3%	17.4%	2.2	−1.6
Vermont	12.0%	13.8%	14.2%	13.5%	15.4%	15.8%	14.8%	−1.0	2.8
Middle Atlantic	18.5%	19.4%	19.3%	18.0%	18.2%	17.9%	17.8%	−0.1	−0.7
New Jersey	17.4%	17.7%	17.9%	16.0%	17.3%	17.3%	16.1%	−1.2	−1.2
New York	22.7%	23.6%	24.0%	22.1%	21.5%	21.9%	22.5%	0.6	−0.2
Pennsylvania	13.1%	14.6%	13.6%	13.6%	14.2%	12.4%	11.7%	−0.7	−1.4
Midwest	12.4%	13.1%	12.6%	12.2%	11.8%	11.7%	11.8%	0.1	−0.6
East North Central	12.9%	13.7%	13.2%	12.7%	12.4%	12.6%	12.3%	−0.3	−0.7
Illinois	14.7%	15.2%	15.2%	14.1%	13.7%	14.2%	14.0%	−0.2	−0.7
Indiana	9.8%	9.6%	10.2%	8.6%	9.1%	10.4%	9.6%	−0.9	−0.2
Michigan	15.0%	16.6%	15.3%	15.3%	14.1%	14.7%	14.2%	−0.5	−0.8
Ohio	13.1%	14.2%	13.0%	14.0%	13.5%	13.3%	12.8%	−0.5	−0.3
Wisconsin	9.1%	10.2%	9.3%	8.0%	8.4%	7.0%	7.5%	0.5	−1.6
West North Central	11.2%	11.7%	11.4%	11.2%	10.7%	10.0%	11.0%	1.0	−0.3
Iowa	7.9%	9.1%	8.3%	8.7%	8.7%	8.3%	8.2%	0.0	0.4
Kansas	10.1%	11.2%	11.3%	12.2%	10.5%	8.1%	8.9%	0.9	−1.1
Minnesota	14.3%	17.0%	17.1%	15.3%	14.1%	14.7%	15.8%	1.1	1.5
Missouri	12.5%	10.0%	10.2%	10.5%	10.4%	9.3%	11.2%	1.9	−1.3
Nebraska	9.5%	10.5%	7.9%	8.0%	9.4%	8.1%	8.4%	0.3	−1.1
North Dakota	7.5%	7.4%	6.9%	7.6%	7.5%	6.2%	7.3%	1.1	−0.1
South Dakota	6.7%	5.5%	5.0%	4.2%	4.2%	3.7%	3.1%	−0.7	−3.6
South	6.4%	6.9%	6.0%	6.0%	6.3%	6.1%	6.4%	0.3	0.0
South Atlantic	6.5%	7.2%	6.2%	5.9%	6.1%	6.1%	6.6%	0.5	0.1
Delaware	9.9%	10.5%	10.2%	9.4%	10.1%	9.0%	11.5%	2.4	1.5
District Of Columbia	10.2%	9.5%	9.9%	10.4%	10.4%	11.6%	10.7%	−1.0	0.4
Florida	7.5%	7.9%	6.1%	5.6%	6.1%	6.3%	6.2%	0.0	−1.3
Georgia	5.0%	6.5%	5.8%	5.4%	5.4%	4.4%	6.1%	1.7	1.1
Maryland	12.7%	14.2%	12.3%	13.2%	12.8%	13.4%	15.0%	1.6	2.3
North Carolina	3.4%	3.9%	3.4%	3.9%	3.3%	3.1%	3.0%	−0.1	−0.4
South Carolina	2.7%	3.8%	2.0%	1.9%	3.0%	4.1%	4.1%	0.0	1.4
Virginia	5.2%	5.4%	6.5%	4.5%	5.6%	5.8%	6.4%	0.6	1.2
West Virginia	11.1%	11.3%	10.5%	10.0%	10.1%	10.0%	9.1%	−0.9	−2.0
East South Central	7.9%	7.5%	7.2%	7.9%	8.7%	7.8%	7.4%	−0.4	−0.5
Alabama	9.8%	8.6%	6.9%	8.4%	8.6%	7.8%	7.2%	−0.6	−2.6
Kentucky	9.4%	9.4%	9.7%	10.3%	11.2%	11.2%	10.5%	−0.7	1.1
Mississippi	8.4%	8.3%	6.9%	7.2%	9.8%	7.9%	7.4%	−0.6	−1.1
Tennessee	5.5%	5.1%	5.9%	6.3%	6.9%	5.6%	5.7%	0.1	0.2
West South Central	5.6%	6.2%	5.0%	5.4%	5.6%	5.3%	5.7%	0.4	0.1
Arkansas	5.9%	5.9%	4.4%	5.6%	5.8%	4.4%	3.5%	−0.9	−2.4
Louisiana	6.0%	6.7%	5.7%	5.2%	5.1%	4.9%	5.5%	0.5	−0.6
Oklahoma	7.9%	7.6%	6.8%	7.1%	7.8%	6.2%	7.3%	1.1	−0.7
Texas	5.2%	6.0%	4.7%	5.1%	5.4%	5.4%	5.8%	0.4	0.6
West	14.6%	14.8%	15.0%	14.7%	14.2%	13.9%	14.1%	0.1	−0.5
Mountain	9.1%	8.5%	8.1%	8.2%	8.2%	7.7%	7.4%	−0.3	−1.7
Arizona	7.1%	7.1%	6.7%	6.2%	4.8%	4.6%	4.5%	0.0	−2.5
Colorado	9.9%	8.2%	7.5%	7.5%	8.6%	8.0%	6.6%	−1.4	−3.3
Idaho	6.1%	6.4%	5.5%	5.9%	5.4%	5.9%	5.3%	−0.6	−0.7
Montana	12.0%	12.9%	12.9%	12.3%	13.0%	13.0%	12.3%	−0.7	0.4
Nevada	16.1%	15.4%	14.0%	12.8%	14.5%	13.3%	14.2%	0.9	−1.8
New Mexico	8.8%	8.6%	9.1%	10.6%	9.1%	8.8%	7.9%	−0.8	−0.9
Utah	5.9%	5.4%	6.5%	8.7%	8.4%	7.8%	7.8%	−0.1	1.8
Wyoming	8.7%	9.3%	6.9%	7.3%	6.6%	6.7%	7.2%	0.5	−1.5
Pacific	17.2%	18.0%	18.4%	17.9%	17.1%	17.0%	17.4%	0.4	0.2
Alaska	18.7%	19.5%	17.2%	17.4%	15.3%	19.4%	20.7%	1.3	2.0
California	16.5%	17.6%	17.8%	17.6%	16.9%	16.3%	16.7%	0.4	0.2
Hawaii	25.4%	25.6%	24.1%	23.3%	25.5%	27.6%	25.9%	−1.6	0.5
Oregon	15.6%	17.2%	18.8%	16.9%	15.0%	17.5%	16.9%	−0.6	1.3
Washington	20.2%	18.6%	19.9%	19.1%	18.1%	18.3%	19.4%	1.1	−0.8
Membership (%)
Northeast	15.8%	16.7%	16.5%	15.7%	16.0%	16.1%	15.9%	−0.2	0.2
New England	12.7%	13.6%	13.0%	12.8%	12.8%	14.3%	14.2%	−0.2	1.4
Connecticut	14.5%	17.1%	14.6%	14.2%	15.8%	16.5%	16.1%	−0.3	1.6
Maine	11.8%	14.6%	12.4%	9.2%	9.1%	13.1%	11.8%	−1.2	0.0
Massachusetts	12.0%	12.0%	12.6%	12.7%	12.6%	14.6%	14.5%	0.0	2.5
New Hampshire	10.3%	9.8%	10.0%	10.1%	9.3%	9.2%	8.9%	−0.3	−1.4
Rhode Island	17.4%	17.8%	15.8%	16.2%	12.4%	14.4%	16.1%	1.6	−1.3
Vermont	11.3%	11.8%	12.3%	12.1%	14.3%	14.3%	13.0%	−1.3	1.8
Middle Atlantic	17.0%	18.0%	17.9%	16.8%	17.1%	16.8%	16.6%	−0.2	−0.3
New Jersey	15.7%	16.1%	16.2%	14.9%	16.1%	16.2%	14.7%	−1.5	−0.9
New York	21.0%	22.0%	22.2%	20.6%	20.6%	20.6%	21.3%	0.7	0.3
Pennsylvania	12.0%	13.5%	12.9%	12.7%	13.0%	11.7%	10.9%	−0.8	−1.1
Midwest	11.2%	11.8%	11.2%	11.0%	10.7%	10.6%	10.6%	−0.1	−0.6
East North Central	11.7%	12.6%	11.8%	11.6%	11.3%	11.4%	11.2%	−0.3	−0.6
Illinois	13.6%	14.2%	13.9%	13.1%	12.8%	13.1%	13.1%	0.0	−0.5
Indiana	8.3%	8.2%	9.0%	7.4%	8.0%	9.0%	8.3%	−0.7	0.0
Michigan	13.7%	15.2%	13.3%	14.0%	12.8%	13.4%	13.0%	−0.4	−0.7
Ohio	11.9%	13.2%	12.0%	12.8%	12.5%	12.1%	11.7%	−0.4	−0.2
Wisconsin	8.1%	8.7%	7.9%	7.1%	7.4%	6.4%	6.4%	0.0	−1.7
West North Central	10.1%	10.3%	10.0%	9.8%	9.4%	8.9%	9.3%	0.4	−0.8
Iowa	6.3%	6.6%	6.5%	7.0%	7.1%	6.4%	6.9%	0.4	0.6
Kansas	8.7%	8.8%	9.2%	9.8%	8.8%	6.4%	6.2%	−0.2	−2.5
Minnesota	13.7%	15.8%	15.9%	14.3%	13.2%	14.1%	14.1%	0.0	0.5
Missouri	11.1%	9.4%	9.0%	9.5%	9.3%	8.5%	9.8%	1.3	−1.3
Nebraska	8.3%	9.6%	6.8%	6.5%	7.2%	6.8%	6.6%	−0.2	−1.7
North Dakota	6.0%	6.2%	5.4%	6.4%	6.2%	5.0%	6.0%	1.0	0.0
South Dakota	5.6%	4.3%	4.0%	3.2%	3.6%	2.7%	2.3%	−0.4	−3.3
South	5.3%	5.7%	4.9%	4.9%	5.2%	5.1%	5.4%	0.3	0.1
South Atlantic	5.4%	6.0%	5.2%	4.9%	4.9%	5.1%	5.6%	0.4	0.2
Delaware	8.7%	9.9%	9.8%	8.5%	8.9%	8.6%	10.4%	1.8	1.7
District Of Columbia	9.3%	8.6%	8.9%	9.1%	9.1%	10.6%	9.3%	−1.3	−0.1
Florida	6.2%	6.4%	5.2%	4.5%	4.7%	5.1%	5.4%	0.3	−0.9
Georgia	4.1%	4.7%	4.8%	4.4%	4.6%	3.8%	5.2%	1.4	1.1
Maryland	11.3%	13.1%	10.9%	11.6%	10.7%	11.4%	12.8%	1.4	1.5
North Carolina	2.3%	3.1%	2.6%	2.8%	2.7%	2.4%	2.4%	0.1	0.1
South Carolina	2.2%	2.9%	1.7%	1.7%	2.3%	2.8%	2.7%	−0.1	0.5
Virginia	4.0%	4.4%	4.8%	3.7%	4.3%	5.2%	5.3%	0.1	1.3
West Virginia	10.2%	10.6%	9.6%	9.2%	8.7%	8.7%	8.5%	−0.2	−1.6
East South Central	6.6%	6.4%	5.9%	6.5%	7.1%	6.2%	6.0%	−0.2	−0.6
Alabama	8.5%	8.0%	5.9%	7.2%	7.4%	6.6%	6.3%	−0.3	−2.2
Kentucky	8.0%	7.5%	7.2%	7.9%	8.8%	8.8%	8.9%	0.0	0.9
Mississippi	6.3%	7.2%	5.5%	5.6%	7.0%	5.2%	4.2%	−1.0	−2.1
Tennessee	4.5%	4.3%	5.1%	5.5%	6.0%	4.6%	4.7%	0.1	0.2
West South Central	4.4%	5.1%	4.0%	4.3%	4.8%	4.5%	4.8%	0.4	0.4
Arkansas	5.1%	4.7%	3.9%	4.9%	5.1%	3.6%	2.8%	−0.7	−2.3
Louisiana	5.3%	5.9%	4.7%	4.2%	4.3%	3.9%	4.4%	0.4	−0.9
Oklahoma	6.2%	6.0%	5.6%	5.5%	6.8%	5.4%	6.1%	0.7	−0.1
Texas	4.0%	4.9%	3.8%	4.1%	4.5%	4.5%	4.9%	0.4	0.9
West	13.3%	13.4%	13.4%	13.3%	12.6%	12.3%	12.5%	0.2	−0.8
Mountain	7.8%	7.0%	6.5%	6.7%	6.5%	6.5%	6.1%	−0.4	−1.7
Arizona	5.7%	5.3%	5.4%	5.5%	4.2%	3.7%	4.1%	0.4	−1.7
Colorado	9.1%	7.4%	6.5%	6.7%	6.9%	7.7%	5.9%	−1.8	−3.2
Idaho	4.9%	5.6%	4.7%	4.7%	4.5%	5.0%	4.1%	−0.9	−0.8
Montana	10.5%	12.0%	11.2%	11.2%	11.8%	11.9%	11.1%	−0.7	0.6
Nevada	14.6%	13.4%	12.2%	11.3%	12.4%	12.1%	12.9%	0.8	−1.6
New Mexico	7.1%	7.2%	7.5%	8.8%	7.5%	7.5%	6.1%	−1.4	−1.0
Utah	4.4%	3.6%	3.5%	3.9%	4.1%	3.7%	3.8%	0.1	−0.6
Wyoming	7.3%	7.6%	5.7%	5.6%	5.6%	5.6%	6.0%	0.4	−1.3
Pacific	15.9%	16.6%	16.7%	16.5%	15.7%	15.2%	15.7%	0.6	−0.2
Alaska	17.1%	17.6%	15.7%	16.1%	14.8%	17.6%	18.2%	0.5	1.0
California	15.1%	16.2%	15.9%	16.1%	15.4%	14.5%	14.9%	0.5	−0.2
Hawaii	23.4%	23.6%	22.4%	21.7%	24.1%	26.6%	24.7%	−1.8	1.3
Oregon	14.4%	16.2%	17.8%	15.5%	14.1%	15.9%	15.1%	−0.8	0.7
Washington	18.8%	17.4%	19.0%	18.0%	16.5%	15.9%	17.9%	2.0	−0.9
Coverage
Northeast	4,331,000	4,170,000	4,228,000	4,193,000	4,297,000	4,357,000	4,373,000	16,000	42,000
New England	1,002,000	950,000	956,000	967,000	962,000	1,105,000	1,094,000	−11,000	93,000
Connecticut	268,000	280,000	247,000	255,000	272,000	291,000	285,000	−6,000	16,000
Maine	81,000	93,000	83,000	61,000	61,000	89,000	85,000	−4,000	4,000
Massachusetts	449,000	384,000	433,000	447,000	442,000	530,000	527,000	−4,000	78,000
New Hampshire	79,000	69,000	73,000	77,000	73,000	72,000	67,000	−6,000	−12,000
Rhode Island	90,000	87,000	83,000	90,000	67,000	76,000	89,000	12,000	−1,000
Vermont	35,000	36,000	37,000	38,000	46,000	47,000	43,000	−4,000	9,000
Middle Atlantic	3,329,000	3,220,000	3,272,000	3,226,000	3,335,000	3,252,000	3,278,000	27,000	−51,000
New Jersey	712,000	659,000	673,000	665,000	728,000	728,000	671,000	−57,000	−41,000
New York	1,877,000	1,785,000	1,868,000	1,794,000	1,785,000	1,815,000	1,942,000	127,000	66,000
Pennsylvania	740,000	776,000	731,000	767,000	822,000	709,000	665,000	−44,000	−76,000
Midwest	3,797,000	3,759,000	3,719,000	3,712,000	3,647,000	3,615,000	3,704,000	89,000	−93,000
East North Central	2,696,000	2,667,000	2,625,000	2,604,000	2,580,000	2,632,000	2,597,000	−35,000	−98,000
Illinois	833,000	785,000	818,000	790,000	756,000	799,000	812,000	13,000	−21,000
Indiana	295,000	271,000	290,000	261,000	277,000	313,000	301,000	−11,000	6,000
Michigan	650,000	661,000	619,000	645,000	625,000	639,000	617,000	−21,000	−32,000
Ohio	673,000	684,000	648,000	697,000	690,000	686,000	666,000	−20,000	−7,000
Wisconsin	245,000	265,000	251,000	212,000	232,000	196,000	201,000	5,000	−44,000
West North Central	1,101,000	1,092,000	1,093,000	1,108,000	1,067,000	983,000	1,107,000	124,000	6,000
Iowa	121,000	127,000	118,000	131,000	130,000	119,000	122,000	3,000	1,000
Kansas	129,000	144,000	147,000	161,000	144,000	106,000	121,000	16,000	−8,000
Minnesota	380,000	428,000	446,000	414,000	376,000	391,000	431,000	39,000	51,000
Missouri	332,000	253,000	267,000	283,000	285,000	254,000	310,000	55,000	−23,000
Nebraska	85,000	94,000	71,000	74,000	88,000	74,000	82,000	8,000	−3,000
North Dakota	27,000	25,000	24,000	28,000	27,000	23,000	28,000	5,000	2,000
South Dakota	26,000	21,000	20,000	17,000	18,000	16,000	13,000	−3,000	−14,000
South	3,395,000	3,426,000	3,061,000	3,196,000	3,463,000	3,344,000	3,559,000	214,000	164,000
South Atlantic	1,828,000	1,890,000	1,693,000	1,660,000	1,780,000	1,766,000	1,901,000	135,000	73,000
Delaware	43,000	45,000	44,000	42,000	44,000	39,000	52,000	13,000	9,000
District Of Columbia	37,000	33,000	35,000	35,000	36,000	42,000	39,000	−3,000	2,000
Florida	667,000	646,000	530,000	512,000	577,000	569,000	580,000	11,000	−86,000
Georgia	222,000	271,000	255,000	244,000	251,000	204,000	282,000	78,000	60,000
Maryland	370,000	382,000	331,000	372,000	362,000	381,000	407,000	26,000	37,000
North Carolina	150,000	162,000	142,000	172,000	151,000	141,000	138,000	−4,000	−13,000
South Carolina	59,000	77,000	42,000	40,000	63,000	89,000	96,000	7,000	38,000
Virginia	201,000	200,000	240,000	176,000	226,000	230,000	242,000	12,000	41,000
West Virginia	78,000	75,000	73,000	69,000	70,000	70,000	64,000	−6,000	−14,000
East South Central	624,000	544,000	542,000	620,000	685,000	616,000	594,000	−22,000	−30,000
Alabama	200,000	163,000	133,000	172,000	180,000	165,000	151,000	−14,000	−50,000
Kentucky	169,000	158,000	169,000	185,000	194,000	198,000	186,000	−12,000	18,000
Mississippi	93,000	86,000	74,000	79,000	106,000	90,000	82,000	−8,000	−11,000
Tennessee	162,000	137,000	165,000	184,000	205,000	163,000	175,000	12,000	14,000
West South Central	944,000	991,000	826,000	917,000	998,000	962,000	1,064,000	102,000	121,000
Arkansas	71,000	69,000	51,000	68,000	71,000	56,000	44,000	−12,000	−27,000
Louisiana	107,000	113,000	98,000	94,000	91,000	86,000	99,000	13,000	−9,000
Oklahoma	123,000	114,000	106,000	113,000	133,000	106,000	128,000	22,000	4,000
Texas	642,000	696,000	570,000	642,000	704,000	715,000	794,000	80,000	152,000
West	4,853,000	4,582,000	4,788,000	4,895,000	4,780,000	4,698,000	4,843,000	144,000	−10,000
Mountain	970,000	857,000	854,000	897,000	918,000	866,000	850,000	−16,000	−121,000
Arizona	214,000	207,000	209,000	188,000	152,000	145,000	148,000	3,000	−66,000
Colorado	260,000	202,000	191,000	201,000	236,000	215,000	179,000	−36,000	−81,000
Idaho	46,000	47,000	42,000	49,000	44,000	50,000	47,000	−3,000	0
Montana	52,000	54,000	56,000	57,000	61,000	62,000	58,000	−4,000	6,000
Nevada	221,000	186,000	175,000	164,000	201,000	182,000	208,000	26,000	−14,000
New Mexico	72,000	64,000	70,000	86,000	73,000	73,000	68,000	−5,000	−4,000
Utah	83,000	75,000	95,000	134,000	134,000	122,000	125,000	3,000	41,000
Wyoming	21,000	22,000	16,000	18,000	17,000	17,000	17,000	1,000	−4,000
Pacific	3,882,000	3,724,000	3,934,000	3,999,000	3,862,000	3,833,000	3,993,000	161,000	111,000
Alaska	53,000	55,000	50,000	52,000	47,000	58,000	65,000	7,000	12,000
California	2,722,000	2,652,000	2,758,000	2,857,000	2,768,000	2,671,000	2,780,000	109,000	59,000
Hawaii	146,000	130,000	130,000	133,000	147,000	153,000	152,000	−1,000	6,000
Oregon	277,000	292,000	336,000	306,000	270,000	322,000	315,000	−8,000	38,000
Washington	684,000	596,000	659,000	651,000	630,000	628,000	681,000	53,000	−3,000
Membership
Northeast	3,955,000	3,854,000	3,894,000	3,893,000	4,022,000	4,070,000	4,083,000	12,000	127,000
New England	904,000	873,000	865,000	882,000	885,000	1,017,000	1,016,000	−1,000	112,000
Connecticut	244,000	261,000	222,000	235,000	255,000	269,000	267,000	−2,000	23,000
Maine	69,000	81,000	70,000	48,000	52,000	76,000	71,000	−5,000	2,000
Massachusetts	406,000	358,000	401,000	412,000	411,000	495,000	498,000	3,000	92,000
New Hampshire	69,000	61,000	65,000	69,000	62,000	62,000	60,000	−2,000	−9,000
Rhode Island	82,000	81,000	75,000	82,000	63,000	72,000	82,000	9,000	−1,000
Vermont	33,000	31,000	32,000	34,000	43,000	42,000	38,000	−4,000	6,000
Middle Atlantic	3,051,000	2,981,000	3,029,000	3,011,000	3,137,000	3,053,000	3,067,000	14,000	15,000
New Jersey	642,000	599,000	609,000	618,000	678,000	680,000	613,000	−67,000	−29,000
New York	1,733,000	1,663,000	1,728,000	1,678,000	1,710,000	1,706,000	1,834,000	128,000	102,000
Pennsylvania	677,000	719,000	692,000	715,000	749,000	667,000	620,000	−47,000	−57,000
Midwest	3,425,000	3,401,000	3,316,000	3,344,000	3,303,000	3,266,000	3,299,000	34,000	−126,000
East North Central	2,440,000	2,437,000	2,357,000	2,372,000	2,363,000	2,388,000	2,360,000	−27,000	−80,000
Illinois	771,000	736,000	752,000	734,000	708,000	735,000	759,000	24,000	−13,000
Indiana	249,000	234,000	256,000	223,000	244,000	270,000	260,000	−10,000	11,000
Michigan	591,000	605,000	539,000	589,000	566,000	581,000	564,000	−17,000	−28,000
Ohio	610,000	635,000	596,000	639,000	640,000	621,000	606,000	−16,000	−5,000
Wisconsin	218,000	227,000	215,000	187,000	205,000	180,000	172,000	−8,000	−46,000
West North Central	985,000	964,000	959,000	972,000	941,000	878,000	939,000	61,000	−46,000
Iowa	97,000	92,000	93,000	105,000	106,000	93,000	102,000	9,000	5,000
Kansas	111,000	113,000	120,000	129,000	120,000	83,000	84,000	1,000	−27,000
Minnesota	363,000	399,000	416,000	385,000	354,000	377,000	385,000	8,000	22,000
Missouri	296,000	237,000	235,000	256,000	254,000	233,000	271,000	38,000	−25,000
Nebraska	74,000	85,000	61,000	60,000	68,000	62,000	64,000	2,000	−10,000
North Dakota	21,000	21,000	19,000	23,000	22,000	18,000	23,000	5,000	2,000
South Dakota	22,000	17,000	16,000	13,000	15,000	12,000	10,000	−2,000	−12,000
South	2,778,000	2,844,000	2,521,000	2,630,000	2,839,000	2,771,000	2,978,000	207,000	200,000
South Atlantic	1,508,000	1,568,000	1,412,000	1,378,000	1,435,000	1,474,000	1,603,000	129,000	95,000
Delaware	38,000	42,000	42,000	37,000	39,000	37,000	47,000	10,000	9,000
District Of Columbia	34,000	29,000	31,000	30,000	32,000	38,000	34,000	−5,000	0
Florida	551,000	525,000	449,000	414,000	441,000	462,000	503,000	41,000	−48,000
Georgia	180,000	194,000	211,000	200,000	212,000	175,000	237,000	63,000	58,000
Maryland	329,000	353,000	294,000	327,000	303,000	324,000	346,000	22,000	18,000
North Carolina	102,000	130,000	108,000	124,000	124,000	108,000	111,000	3,000	8,000
South Carolina	47,000	59,000	35,000	35,000	49,000	61,000	63,000	2,000	16,000
Virginia	156,000	164,000	175,000	146,000	175,000	208,000	202,000	−6,000	46,000
West Virginia	72,000	71,000	67,000	64,000	60,000	61,000	60,000	−1,000	−11,000
East South Central	520,000	467,000	443,000	513,000	561,000	490,000	481,000	−9,000	−40,000
Alabama	174,000	151,000	115,000	148,000	155,000	140,000	133,000	−7,000	−41,000
Kentucky	143,000	126,000	125,000	141,000	152,000	156,000	157,000	1,000	14,000
Mississippi	70,000	74,000	59,000	62,000	76,000	59,000	47,000	−12,000	−23,000
Tennessee	134,000	116,000	145,000	162,000	178,000	136,000	145,000	9,000	11,000
West South Central	749,000	809,000	666,000	739,000	843,000	807,000	894,000	88,000	145,000
Arkansas	62,000	54,000	46,000	58,000	62,000	45,000	36,000	−9,000	−26,000
Louisiana	94,000	99,000	81,000	75,000	76,000	68,000	78,000	10,000	−16,000
Oklahoma	97,000	90,000	87,000	88,000	116,000	92,000	106,000	15,000	10,000
Texas	497,000	566,000	453,000	517,000	589,000	602,000	674,000	72,000	177,000
West	4,408,000	4,151,000	4,273,000	4,413,000	4,251,000	4,139,000	4,297,000	158,000	−111,000
Mountain	833,000	712,000	691,000	728,000	724,000	723,000	696,000	−27,000	−137,000
Arizona	174,000	155,000	167,000	169,000	133,000	118,000	132,000	14,000	−42,000
Colorado	239,000	183,000	165,000	178,000	189,000	207,000	159,000	−47,000	−79,000
Idaho	38,000	41,000	36,000	39,000	36,000	43,000	36,000	−7,000	−2,000
Montana	46,000	50,000	49,000	52,000	56,000	56,000	53,000	−4,000	7,000
Nevada	201,000	162,000	152,000	145,000	171,000	165,000	189,000	24,000	−12,000
New Mexico	58,000	53,000	58,000	71,000	60,000	63,000	52,000	−11,000	−5,000
Utah	61,000	51,000	51,000	60,000	65,000	58,000	61,000	3,000	−1,000
Wyoming	18,000	18,000	13,000	14,000	14,000	14,000	14,000	0	−3,000
Pacific	3,575,000	3,439,000	3,581,000	3,685,000	3,526,000	3,416,000	3,601,000	185,000	26,000
Alaska	48,000	49,000	46,000	48,000	45,000	53,000	57,000	4,000	9,000
California	2,499,000	2,438,000	2,469,000	2,617,000	2,514,000	2,375,000	2,486,000	112,000	−13,000
Hawaii	134,000	120,000	121,000	124,000	138,000	147,000	145,000	−3,000	10,000
Oregon	255,000	274,000	318,000	282,000	255,000	293,000	282,000	−11,000	27,000
Washington	638,000	557,000	628,000	613,000	575,000	548,000	631,000	83,000	−7,000
Total employment
Northeast	25,100,000	23,014,000	23,564,000	24,816,000	25,211,000	25,274,000	25,624,000	351,000	525,000
New England	7,104,000	6,417,000	6,649,000	6,902,000	6,918,000	7,092,000	7,165,000	73,000	61,000
Connecticut	1,681,000	1,524,000	1,523,000	1,659,000	1,611,000	1,634,000	1,655,000	21,000	−26,000
Maine	589,000	557,000	563,000	528,000	566,000	585,000	601,000	16,000	12,000
Massachusetts	3,393,000	2,987,000	3,183,000	3,240,000	3,265,000	3,399,000	3,431,000	32,000	38,000
New Hampshire	677,000	629,000	643,000	687,000	669,000	678,000	677,000	−1,000	0
Rhode Island	474,000	456,000	474,000	505,000	507,000	500,000	509,000	9,000	34,000
Vermont	290,000	265,000	263,000	283,000	301,000	297,000	293,000	−4,000	3,000
Middle Atlantic	17,996,000	16,596,000	16,916,000	17,914,000	18,292,000	18,182,000	18,459,000	277,000	463,000
New Jersey	4,095,000	3,727,000	3,761,000	4,158,000	4,207,000	4,196,000	4,159,000	−38,000	63,000
New York	8,258,000	7,554,000	7,769,000	8,127,000	8,300,000	8,276,000	8,622,000	346,000	364,000
Pennsylvania	5,642,000	5,316,000	5,386,000	5,630,000	5,786,000	5,709,000	5,678,000	−31,000	36,000
Midwest	30,612,000	28,742,000	29,560,000	30,398,000	30,864,000	30,782,000	31,262,000	480,000	650,000
East North Central	20,817,000	19,402,000	19,965,000	20,491,000	20,882,000	20,924,000	21,166,000	243,000	349,000
Illinois	5,661,000	5,176,000	5,397,000	5,612,000	5,536,000	5,614,000	5,782,000	169,000	121,000
Indiana	3,009,000	2,838,000	2,843,000	3,026,000	3,057,000	2,999,000	3,149,000	150,000	140,000
Michigan	4,325,000	3,978,000	4,049,000	4,216,000	4,416,000	4,348,000	4,351,000	3,000	26,000
Ohio	5,125,000	4,813,000	4,971,000	4,990,000	5,111,000	5,147,000	5,191,000	44,000	66,000
Wisconsin	2,698,000	2,597,000	2,705,000	2,647,000	2,763,000	2,817,000	2,693,000	−123,000	−4,000
West North Central	9,794,000	9,340,000	9,594,000	9,907,000	9,982,000	9,858,000	10,095,000	237,000	301,000
Iowa	1,544,000	1,399,000	1,426,000	1,507,000	1,489,000	1,438,000	1,480,000	42,000	−64,000
Kansas	1,281,000	1,282,000	1,301,000	1,322,000	1,361,000	1,308,000	1,356,000	48,000	75,000
Minnesota	2,662,000	2,519,000	2,610,000	2,696,000	2,675,000	2,666,000	2,726,000	60,000	65,000
Missouri	2,662,000	2,526,000	2,616,000	2,682,000	2,733,000	2,737,000	2,759,000	22,000	97,000
Nebraska	895,000	890,000	898,000	923,000	940,000	913,000	973,000	60,000	79,000
North Dakota	355,000	339,000	349,000	365,000	359,000	366,000	385,000	19,000	29,000
South Dakota	395,000	385,000	394,000	412,000	424,000	431,000	415,000	−15,000	20,000
South	52,825,000	49,578,000	51,295,000	53,255,000	54,769,000	54,756,000	55,402,000	647,000	2,577,000
South Atlantic	28,073,000	26,328,000	27,230,000	28,274,000	29,161,000	28,762,000	28,832,000	69,000	759,000
Delaware	433,000	424,000	435,000	442,000	437,000	431,000	451,000	20,000	19,000
District Of Columbia	360,000	343,000	350,000	331,000	347,000	362,000	364,000	1,000	3,000
Florida	8,829,000	8,151,000	8,668,000	9,104,000	9,443,000	9,086,000	9,330,000	244,000	501,000
Georgia	4,416,000	4,174,000	4,404,000	4,527,000	4,624,000	4,622,000	4,600,000	−22,000	183,000
Maryland	2,910,000	2,694,000	2,689,000	2,817,000	2,824,000	2,853,000	2,715,000	−138,000	−195,000
North Carolina	4,398,000	4,133,000	4,232,000	4,402,000	4,621,000	4,551,000	4,547,000	−4,000	149,000
South Carolina	2,140,000	2,039,000	2,072,000	2,054,000	2,130,000	2,163,000	2,327,000	164,000	188,000
Virginia	3,882,000	3,703,000	3,686,000	3,909,000	4,044,000	3,995,000	3,794,000	−201,000	−88,000
West Virginia	705,000	667,000	694,000	687,000	691,000	698,000	703,000	5,000	−1,000
East South Central	7,879,000	7,297,000	7,570,000	7,885,000	7,881,000	7,932,000	8,029,000	97,000	149,000
Alabama	2,042,000	1,894,000	1,937,000	2,061,000	2,089,000	2,115,000	2,089,000	−25,000	48,000
Kentucky	1,786,000	1,691,000	1,738,000	1,787,000	1,725,000	1,763,000	1,768,000	5,000	−18,000
Mississippi	1,104,000	1,033,000	1,081,000	1,103,000	1,081,000	1,130,000	1,112,000	−19,000	7,000
Tennessee	2,947,000	2,678,000	2,814,000	2,934,000	2,986,000	2,924,000	3,060,000	136,000	113,000
West South Central	16,873,000	15,953,000	16,495,000	17,095,000	17,726,000	18,061,000	18,542,000	480,000	1,669,000
Arkansas	1,201,000	1,158,000	1,168,000	1,202,000	1,218,000	1,264,000	1,251,000	−12,000	51,000
Louisiana	1,780,000	1,681,000	1,723,000	1,798,000	1,766,000	1,742,000	1,801,000	59,000	21,000
Oklahoma	1,555,000	1,500,000	1,548,000	1,587,000	1,707,000	1,711,000	1,754,000	43,000	199,000
Texas	12,337,000	11,614,000	12,056,000	12,509,000	13,036,000	13,345,000	13,736,000	390,000	1,398,000
West	33,230,000	30,872,000	32,002,000	33,229,000	33,724,000	33,732,000	34,399,000	667,000	1,169,000
Mountain	10,703,000	10,125,000	10,579,000	10,889,000	11,205,000	11,194,000	11,474,000	280,000	771,000
Arizona	3,028,000	2,908,000	3,120,000	3,057,000	3,160,000	3,182,000	3,256,000	74,000	228,000
Colorado	2,634,000	2,472,000	2,535,000	2,667,000	2,736,000	2,678,000	2,709,000	31,000	74,000
Idaho	764,000	731,000	766,000	824,000	811,000	851,000	875,000	24,000	111,000
Montana	437,000	419,000	438,000	467,000	470,000	474,000	471,000	−3,000	34,000
Nevada	1,379,000	1,210,000	1,250,000	1,284,000	1,381,000	1,366,000	1,460,000	94,000	81,000
New Mexico	812,000	742,000	770,000	807,000	805,000	835,000	856,000	21,000	44,000
Utah	1,406,000	1,404,000	1,467,000	1,539,000	1,587,000	1,558,000	1,607,000	49,000	201,000
Wyoming	242,000	239,000	234,000	243,000	256,000	250,000	239,000	−10,000	−3,000
Pacific	22,527,000	20,747,000	21,423,000	22,341,000	22,519,000	22,538,000	22,925,000	387,000	397,000
Alaska	282,000	280,000	292,000	299,000	306,000	300,000	314,000	15,000	32,000
California	16,504,000	15,063,000	15,501,000	16,246,000	16,346,000	16,406,000	16,644,000	238,000	139,000
Hawaii	575,000	507,000	541,000	571,000	574,000	555,000	586,000	31,000	11,000
Oregon	1,772,000	1,692,000	1,783,000	1,814,000	1,805,000	1,840,000	1,864,000	25,000	92,000
Washington	3,393,000	3,205,000	3,306,000	3,411,000	3,488,000	3,437,000	3,516,000	79,000	123,000
Sample size
Northeast	26,296	22,165	21,564	21,147	20,625	20,716	18,251
New England	12,505	10,655	10,451	10,095	9,869	10,077	8,896
Connecticut	1,721	1,411	1,379	1,391	1,382	1,502	1,272
Maine	1,226	1,113	1,022	923	948	900	851
Massachusetts	3,535	2,954	3,100	3,086	3,029	3,107	2,719
New Hampshire	2,412	2,061	1,916	1,839	1,717	1,684	1,439
Rhode Island	1,467	1,269	1,235	1,159	1,126	1,123	1,116
Vermont	2,144	1,847	1,799	1,697	1,667	1,761	1,499
Middle Atlantic	13,791	11,510	11,113	11,052	10,756	10,639	9,355
New Jersey	3,328	2,739	2,582	2,543	2,531	2,475	2,206
New York	6,279	5,174	4,847	4,812	4,673	4,672	4,180
Pennsylvania	4,184	3,597	3,684	3,697	3,552	3,492	2,969
Midwest	31,625	28,150	27,863	26,383	25,696	25,781	22,190
East North Central	16,580	14,448	14,447	13,654	13,455	13,502	11,347
Illinois	4,320	3,745	3,773	3,605	3,490	3,490	2,999
Indiana	2,620	2,273	2,322	2,220	2,105	2,065	1,775
Michigan	3,535	3,055	2,966	2,876	2,930	2,751	2,283
Ohio	3,851	3,363	3,357	3,028	2,953	3,185	2,725
Wisconsin	2,254	2,012	2,029	1,925	1,977	2,011	1,565
West North Central	15,045	13,702	13,416	12,729	12,241	12,279	10,843
Iowa	2,088	1,759	1,643	1,600	1,626	1,598	1,440
Kansas	2,033	1,901	1,853	1,663	1,662	1,655	1,469
Minnesota	2,230	1,965	1,889	1,935	1,844	1,857	1,541
Missouri	2,155	1,971	2,008	1,975	1,924	1,887	1,563
Nebraska	2,118	2,007	1,947	1,757	1,742	1,721	1,679
North Dakota	2,570	2,412	2,437	2,224	1,902	1,954	1,802
South Dakota	1,851	1,687	1,639	1,575	1,541	1,607	1,349
South	55,361	47,516	48,608	46,955	45,295	44,993	39,262
South Atlantic	28,342	24,282	24,977	24,193	23,467	23,072	19,877
Delaware	1,639	1,448	1,491	1,460	1,378	1,349	1,260
District Of Columbia	2,685	2,467	2,401	2,317	2,050	2,253	1,952
Florida	6,570	5,565	6,057	6,011	5,794	5,401	4,637
Georgia	3,531	2,951	3,015	2,746	2,686	2,639	2,401
Maryland	2,091	1,805	1,774	1,734	1,595	1,574	1,290
North Carolina	3,477	2,873	3,175	3,100	3,211	2,966	2,416
South Carolina	2,410	2,091	2,129	2,003	2,051	2,051	1,820
Virginia	2,978	2,644	2,588	2,531	2,463	2,451	1,911
West Virginia	2,961	2,438	2,347	2,291	2,239	2,388	2,190
East South Central	10,222	8,867	8,988	8,575	7,862	7,736	6,805
Alabama	3,042	2,667	2,787	2,731	2,550	2,347	2,012
Kentucky	1,683	1,520	1,537	1,400	1,225	1,209	1,076
Mississippi	2,461	2,203	2,198	2,099	1,918	1,913	1,678
Tennessee	3,036	2,477	2,466	2,345	2,169	2,267	2,039
West South Central	16,797	14,367	14,643	14,187	13,966	14,185	12,580
Arkansas	2,656	2,245	2,255	2,164	2,155	2,197	1,815
Louisiana	3,268	2,810	2,822	2,745	2,604	2,420	2,183
Oklahoma	2,136	1,953	1,863	1,758	1,839	1,806	1,669
Texas	8,737	7,359	7,703	7,520	7,368	7,762	6,913
West	41,445	35,840	36,142	35,229	34,139	34,096	29,836
Mountain	18,983	16,841	16,807	16,198	15,573	15,758	13,846
Arizona	2,406	2,168	2,146	1,962	1,983	1,913	1,662
Colorado	2,014	1,766	1,841	1,894	1,711	1,665	1,484
Idaho	2,570	2,343	2,376	2,335	2,221	2,373	2,016
Montana	2,627	2,341	2,257	2,101	2,044	2,143	1,837
Nevada	2,116	1,719	1,748	1,684	1,667	1,785	1,632
New Mexico	2,402	1,993	2,032	2,002	1,831	1,794	1,729
Utah	2,683	2,447	2,523	2,423	2,307	2,325	2,081
Wyoming	2,165	2,064	1,884	1,797	1,809	1,760	1,405
Pacific	22,462	18,999	19,335	19,031	18,566	18,338	15,990
Alaska	1,711	1,578	1,521	1,460	1,507	1,380	1,312
California	13,173	10,839	11,143	11,104	10,701	10,784	9,103
Hawaii	2,181	1,708	1,779	1,855	1,848	1,792	1,660
Oregon	2,343	2,174	2,250	2,122	1,995	1,953	1,817
Washington	3,054	2,700	2,642	2,490	2,515	2,429	2,098
* Many estimates here and in the final published BLS report are subject to substantial sampling error due to small underlying sample sizes.
Note: Workers 16 and older; excludes self-employed and self-incorporated. Changes may not match exactly due to rounding.
Source: Economic Policy Institute. 2026. Current Population Survey Extracts, Version 2026.1.14, https://microdata.epi.org.