Table 5b: Union membership and union coverage within the public sector, 11-months ending November, 2019 to 2024
By state
	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	Change
							2024-2023	2024-2019
Coverage (%)
Alabama	22.0%	21.9%	18.0%	26.4%	24.8%	24.2%	−0.7	2.1
Alaska	42.6%	44.3%	39.2%	38.8%	37.6%	48.5%	11.0	5.9
Arizona	24.6%	28.7%	24.6%	18.4%	16.9%	16.3%	−0.5	−8.2
Arkansas	11.8%	14.0%	8.3%	9.7%	11.5%	12.7%	1.2	0.9
California	55.5%	55.6%	58.2%	57.7%	55.3%	53.4%	−1.9	−2.1
Colorado	28.2%	22.9%	21.8%	19.8%	26.1%	22.2%	−3.9	−6.1
Connecticut	64.0%	74.9%	69.1%	62.1%	68.3%	61.7%	−6.7	−2.4
Delaware	38.7%	39.5%	31.4%	38.2%	36.8%	40.1%	3.3	1.4
District Of Columbia	22.3%	21.1%	22.1%	21.9%	22.8%	24.0%	1.3	1.8
Florida	31.7%	30.0%	25.2%	26.2%	26.1%	26.1%	0.1	−5.5
Georgia	11.4%	18.9%	16.7%	16.8%	17.6%	12.5%	−5.1	1.0
Hawaii	55.7%	57.3%	50.3%	56.5%	57.2%	62.7%	5.5	7.0
Idaho	18.6%	20.2%	19.1%	17.4%	15.4%	18.3%	2.9	−0.3
Illinois	47.4%	59.4%	52.7%	53.7%	49.7%	54.6%	4.8	7.1
Indiana	25.6%	30.3%	34.8%	25.7%	22.4%	26.5%	4.2	0.9
Iowa	24.8%	31.8%	29.0%	26.6%	26.3%	28.1%	1.8	3.3
Kansas	27.0%	25.7%	27.3%	27.5%	26.5%	23.0%	−3.5	−4.0
Kentucky	20.1%	14.7%	18.3%	24.4%	26.4%	22.4%	−3.9	2.3
Louisiana	16.7%	17.7%	16.9%	17.0%	14.4%	15.0%	0.6	−1.7
Maine	56.2%	55.0%	53.8%	52.0%	41.3%	51.5%	10.2	−4.6
Maryland	38.0%	35.4%	31.6%	33.2%	32.2%	32.1%	0.0	−5.8
Massachusetts	53.9%	54.3%	55.3%	58.3%	56.5%	60.4%	3.8	6.4
Michigan	48.3%	47.1%	51.8%	50.3%	42.7%	43.7%	1.0	−4.6
Minnesota	56.2%	64.9%	55.9%	49.5%	51.8%	53.6%	1.8	−2.6
Mississippi	18.0%	18.8%	16.1%	15.4%	18.7%	14.8%	−3.9	−3.2
Missouri	32.3%	28.9%	26.9%	25.1%	26.1%	23.8%	−2.4	−8.5
Montana	39.9%	40.7%	38.8%	39.1%	37.6%	39.6%	2.0	−0.3
Nebraska	34.6%	39.7%	26.2%	24.4%	33.7%	32.2%	−1.5	−2.4
Nevada	38.7%	42.1%	47.7%	41.2%	39.8%	35.0%	−4.9	−3.8
New Hampshire	52.2%	51.6%	51.7%	51.0%	50.5%	45.7%	−4.9	−6.6
New Jersey	63.3%	62.5%	64.1%	60.2%	60.8%	61.6%	0.8	−1.7
New Mexico	23.7%	20.1%	19.8%	27.7%	23.2%	20.9%	−2.2	−2.8
New York	69.1%	70.9%	70.5%	68.9%	65.4%	68.5%	3.1	−0.5
North Carolina	12.5%	12.7%	11.6%	11.7%	9.0%	8.9%	−0.1	−3.7
North Dakota	22.4%	21.0%	22.4%	23.9%	19.9%	15.2%	−4.6	−7.2
Ohio	46.7%	48.5%	49.2%	49.8%	47.0%	43.7%	−3.4	−3.0
Oklahoma	24.2%	21.3%	22.8%	20.9%	27.3%	18.7%	−8.6	−5.5
Oregon	57.2%	57.3%	62.2%	61.3%	51.7%	54.5%	2.8	−2.8
Pennsylvania	55.7%	57.3%	56.1%	54.0%	57.6%	50.4%	−7.2	−5.4
Rhode Island	65.0%	69.7%	67.4%	66.4%	51.4%	56.4%	5.0	−8.6
South Carolina	9.0%	10.5%	5.3%	4.6%	7.1%	12.9%	5.7	3.9
South Dakota	27.4%	17.4%	13.9%	19.4%	18.0%	14.1%	−3.9	−13.3
Tennessee	18.2%	15.5%	19.6%	25.0%	20.9%	17.4%	−3.5	−0.8
Texas	17.4%	21.0%	16.8%	19.5%	20.0%	17.6%	−2.4	0.1
Utah	17.0%	16.6%	19.8%	24.2%	22.2%	18.9%	−3.4	1.9
Vermont	45.4%	47.1%	46.6%	46.1%	53.8%	48.6%	−5.2	3.3
Virginia	13.2%	14.6%	17.6%	10.9%	14.6%	15.4%	0.9	2.2
Washington	55.1%	53.9%	54.7%	52.6%	56.2%	50.5%	−5.6	−4.5
West Virginia	24.3%	25.4%	24.0%	21.0%	21.2%	24.2%	2.9	−0.2
Wisconsin	30.9%	27.3%	24.5%	22.3%	24.2%	19.7%	−4.6	−11.2
Wyoming	17.3%	17.1%	11.7%	17.0%	17.1%	13.3%	−3.8	−4.0
Membership (%)
Alabama	17.7%	20.4%	15.4%	22.9%	22.2%	20.1%	−2.0	2.4
Alaska	39.2%	40.5%	36.5%	35.5%	36.3%	43.2%	6.9	3.9
Arizona	19.9%	18.7%	20.0%	16.4%	15.1%	12.0%	−3.0	−7.9
Arkansas	9.8%	11.3%	6.7%	7.3%	9.4%	9.3%	−0.1	−0.5
California	52.4%	52.1%	54.7%	53.5%	51.1%	49.4%	−1.7	−3.0
Colorado	25.9%	19.8%	19.5%	17.2%	19.1%	21.9%	2.8	−4.1
Connecticut	61.5%	73.0%	68.0%	59.1%	66.6%	58.2%	−8.4	−3.3
Delaware	35.4%	38.3%	30.0%	35.8%	32.0%	38.0%	6.0	2.6
District Of Columbia	20.3%	18.5%	19.7%	19.0%	19.6%	20.9%	1.3	0.6
Florida	26.4%	24.8%	21.3%	21.3%	20.3%	22.1%	1.8	−4.4
Georgia	9.2%	14.5%	14.1%	12.3%	14.1%	10.9%	−3.2	1.7
Hawaii	51.9%	53.6%	46.9%	53.6%	53.9%	61.2%	7.3	9.3
Idaho	15.8%	17.4%	14.7%	13.3%	12.5%	16.3%	3.7	0.5
Illinois	45.5%	56.9%	49.0%	50.9%	46.8%	50.3%	3.5	4.7
Indiana	19.4%	25.5%	28.7%	20.6%	19.8%	20.7%	0.9	1.3
Iowa	16.9%	20.9%	20.9%	19.2%	20.7%	20.3%	−0.4	3.4
Kansas	22.9%	20.6%	20.8%	21.2%	20.2%	16.2%	−4.0	−6.7
Kentucky	16.4%	11.6%	12.3%	17.3%	21.8%	17.1%	−4.7	0.7
Louisiana	14.4%	15.7%	14.0%	13.3%	12.1%	12.0%	−0.1	−2.5
Maine	48.3%	47.1%	47.4%	44.6%	37.6%	44.3%	6.7	−4.0
Maryland	33.6%	32.9%	28.6%	29.2%	26.9%	27.8%	0.9	−5.8
Massachusetts	51.7%	52.5%	51.9%	56.6%	54.8%	57.9%	3.0	6.2
Michigan	44.8%	43.2%	44.3%	46.4%	39.2%	38.8%	−0.3	−6.0
Minnesota	53.8%	61.4%	53.2%	46.2%	49.0%	51.8%	2.8	−2.1
Mississippi	15.8%	16.8%	12.5%	12.7%	13.9%	10.8%	−3.1	−5.0
Missouri	28.4%	27.0%	21.8%	21.3%	23.2%	20.8%	−2.4	−7.6
Montana	34.6%	38.5%	33.5%	35.2%	32.9%	36.0%	3.1	1.3
Nebraska	28.6%	35.9%	23.0%	18.7%	25.5%	28.4%	2.9	−0.2
Nevada	32.2%	34.5%	39.6%	36.7%	33.0%	32.0%	−1.0	−0.1
New Hampshire	45.6%	44.7%	46.9%	46.0%	45.8%	39.0%	−6.9	−6.6
New Jersey	58.6%	58.8%	59.1%	57.2%	57.8%	58.6%	0.8	0.0
New Mexico	17.9%	16.4%	16.1%	22.6%	19.4%	17.7%	−1.7	−0.2
New York	66.0%	68.2%	66.9%	65.9%	63.3%	65.5%	2.2	−0.6
North Carolina	8.6%	10.9%	9.0%	8.4%	7.7%	7.3%	−0.4	−1.4
North Dakota	18.4%	18.2%	16.8%	19.9%	17.2%	12.7%	−4.5	−5.7
Ohio	43.3%	45.7%	45.4%	45.7%	46.3%	39.5%	−6.8	−3.8
Oklahoma	19.5%	15.2%	20.1%	16.9%	23.3%	15.5%	−7.8	−4.1
Oregon	53.7%	53.1%	58.3%	56.6%	49.8%	49.0%	−0.8	−4.6
Pennsylvania	51.5%	53.9%	53.7%	50.1%	53.5%	47.4%	−6.1	−4.1
Rhode Island	61.3%	66.7%	63.5%	63.3%	49.1%	54.9%	5.8	−6.4
South Carolina	7.5%	7.5%	4.7%	3.8%	5.8%	9.9%	4.1	2.3
South Dakota	22.3%	12.7%	10.8%	15.8%	16.4%	11.3%	−5.2	−11.0
Tennessee	16.0%	13.5%	17.9%	22.2%	18.9%	13.8%	−5.1	−2.2
Texas	14.3%	17.4%	13.8%	16.5%	17.1%	15.1%	−2.0	0.8
Utah	11.1%	12.8%	14.1%	18.1%	15.8%	11.3%	−4.5	0.2
Vermont	42.4%	42.1%	40.3%	41.8%	47.5%	44.9%	−2.6	2.4
Virginia	9.8%	12.4%	12.2%	8.9%	11.3%	14.1%	2.8	4.3
Washington	52.6%	50.0%	52.7%	49.6%	52.2%	41.9%	−10.3	−10.7
West Virginia	21.8%	23.8%	21.7%	18.9%	17.8%	22.0%	4.2	0.2
Wisconsin	26.2%	22.6%	21.2%	19.0%	20.1%	17.9%	−2.2	−8.2
Wyoming	13.1%	13.9%	9.0%	11.6%	13.1%	10.7%	−2.4	−2.4
Coverage
Alabama	70,000	68,000	56,000	84,000	84,000	77,000	−7,000	7,000
Alaska	34,000	32,000	30,000	33,000	31,000	36,000	5,000	2,000
Arizona	103,000	120,000	104,000	75,000	66,000	70,000	4,000	−33,000
Arkansas	22,000	26,000	14,000	19,000	24,000	27,000	3,000	4,000
California	1,313,000	1,320,000	1,304,000	1,430,000	1,381,000	1,371,000	−10,000	58,000
Colorado	124,000	93,000	94,000	92,000	119,000	102,000	−17,000	−21,000
Connecticut	141,000	147,000	124,000	150,000	169,000	153,000	−16,000	12,000
Delaware	24,000	27,000	22,000	25,000	26,000	27,000	1,000	3,000
District Of Columbia	21,000	21,000	21,000	20,000	21,000	24,000	2,000	3,000
Florida	382,000	328,000	266,000	295,000	301,000	273,000	−28,000	−109,000
Georgia	76,000	120,000	118,000	112,000	120,000	81,000	−38,000	6,000
Hawaii	71,000	73,000	67,000	72,000	77,000	84,000	7,000	13,000
Idaho	19,000	24,000	21,000	22,000	21,000	24,000	3,000	5,000
Illinois	342,000	377,000	386,000	398,000	339,000	386,000	47,000	45,000
Indiana	88,000	101,000	131,000	85,000	83,000	101,000	18,000	13,000
Iowa	61,000	72,000	59,000	52,000	54,000	57,000	2,000	−5,000
Kansas	65,000	55,000	62,000	70,000	63,000	54,000	−9,000	−11,000
Kentucky	51,000	42,000	46,000	67,000	75,000	49,000	−25,000	−1,000
Louisiana	52,000	53,000	51,000	53,000	44,000	44,000	0	−8,000
Maine	50,000	65,000	49,000	40,000	33,000	46,000	13,000	−4,000
Maryland	259,000	240,000	205,000	241,000	245,000	236,000	−9,000	−23,000
Massachusetts	219,000	189,000	215,000	229,000	219,000	270,000	51,000	52,000
Michigan	230,000	234,000	246,000	206,000	194,000	204,000	10,000	−25,000
Minnesota	200,000	251,000	220,000	179,000	183,000	176,000	−7,000	−24,000
Mississippi	37,000	34,000	30,000	31,000	37,000	31,000	−7,000	−7,000
Missouri	128,000	104,000	101,000	97,000	98,000	95,000	−3,000	−34,000
Montana	31,000	34,000	32,000	36,000	34,000	33,000	−1,000	1,000
Nebraska	50,000	59,000	33,000	31,000	50,000	41,000	−9,000	−9,000
Nevada	72,000	77,000	74,000	61,000	70,000	64,000	−6,000	−9,000
New Hampshire	45,000	46,000	46,000	52,000	43,000	39,000	−4,000	−6,000
New Jersey	394,000	358,000	342,000	333,000	340,000	347,000	8,000	−47,000
New Mexico	48,000	41,000	39,000	54,000	49,000	45,000	−4,000	−4,000
New York	905,000	910,000	928,000	875,000	883,000	974,000	91,000	69,000
North Carolina	86,000	74,000	65,000	80,000	58,000	56,000	−3,000	−30,000
North Dakota	13,000	13,000	14,000	15,000	12,000	10,000	−2,000	−4,000
Ohio	336,000	370,000	344,000	354,000	359,000	301,000	−59,000	−35,000
Oklahoma	70,000	61,000	60,000	70,000	95,000	69,000	−26,000	−2,000
Oregon	156,000	166,000	201,000	176,000	148,000	159,000	10,000	3,000
Pennsylvania	332,000	345,000	371,000	386,000	376,000	340,000	−36,000	9,000
Rhode Island	46,000	45,000	42,000	43,000	30,000	38,000	8,000	−8,000
South Carolina	30,000	34,000	18,000	15,000	26,000	45,000	19,000	16,000
South Dakota	17,000	10,000	9,000	9,000	10,000	8,000	−1,000	−9,000
Tennessee	77,000	62,000	80,000	104,000	91,000	77,000	−13,000	1,000
Texas	287,000	366,000	279,000	337,000	353,000	332,000	−20,000	46,000
Utah	39,000	40,000	44,000	55,000	57,000	51,000	−7,000	12,000
Vermont	21,000	23,000	23,000	22,000	25,000	26,000	0	4,000
Virginia	106,000	123,000	151,000	94,000	134,000	135,000	1,000	29,000
Washington	317,000	300,000	348,000	342,000	314,000	302,000	−12,000	−14,000
West Virginia	30,000	32,000	34,000	28,000	26,000	33,000	6,000	2,000
Wisconsin	114,000	98,000	93,000	81,000	85,000	69,000	−16,000	−45,000
Wyoming	10,000	11,000	7,000	11,000	11,000	8,000	−3,000	−2,000
Membership
Alabama	56,000	63,000	48,000	73,000	75,000	64,000	−11,000	8,000
Alaska	31,000	29,000	28,000	30,000	30,000	32,000	2,000	1,000
Arizona	84,000	78,000	84,000	66,000	59,000	52,000	−7,000	−32,000
Arkansas	19,000	21,000	12,000	14,000	19,000	20,000	0	1,000
California	1,241,000	1,236,000	1,225,000	1,326,000	1,276,000	1,268,000	−7,000	28,000
Colorado	114,000	80,000	85,000	80,000	87,000	101,000	14,000	−13,000
Connecticut	135,000	143,000	122,000	143,000	165,000	144,000	−21,000	9,000
Delaware	22,000	26,000	21,000	23,000	23,000	26,000	3,000	4,000
District Of Columbia	19,000	18,000	19,000	17,000	18,000	21,000	2,000	1,000
Florida	319,000	272,000	226,000	239,000	234,000	231,000	−4,000	−88,000
Georgia	61,000	92,000	100,000	82,000	96,000	71,000	−25,000	10,000
Hawaii	66,000	69,000	63,000	68,000	73,000	82,000	9,000	16,000
Idaho	16,000	20,000	16,000	17,000	17,000	21,000	4,000	5,000
Illinois	328,000	361,000	359,000	378,000	319,000	356,000	37,000	28,000
Indiana	67,000	85,000	108,000	68,000	74,000	79,000	5,000	12,000
Iowa	42,000	47,000	43,000	38,000	43,000	41,000	−2,000	−1,000
Kansas	55,000	44,000	47,000	54,000	48,000	38,000	−10,000	−17,000
Kentucky	41,000	33,000	31,000	47,000	62,000	38,000	−24,000	−4,000
Louisiana	45,000	47,000	42,000	41,000	37,000	35,000	−2,000	−10,000
Maine	43,000	55,000	43,000	35,000	30,000	39,000	10,000	−4,000
Maryland	229,000	223,000	185,000	211,000	205,000	204,000	−1,000	−25,000
Massachusetts	210,000	183,000	202,000	222,000	213,000	259,000	46,000	49,000
Michigan	213,000	214,000	210,000	190,000	178,000	181,000	4,000	−31,000
Minnesota	192,000	237,000	209,000	167,000	173,000	170,000	−3,000	−22,000
Mississippi	33,000	30,000	23,000	26,000	28,000	22,000	−6,000	−11,000
Missouri	113,000	97,000	82,000	82,000	87,000	83,000	−4,000	−30,000
Montana	27,000	32,000	28,000	33,000	29,000	30,000	0	2,000
Nebraska	42,000	53,000	29,000	24,000	38,000	36,000	−2,000	−5,000
Nevada	60,000	63,000	61,000	54,000	58,000	58,000	1,000	−2,000
New Hampshire	40,000	40,000	42,000	47,000	39,000	34,000	−6,000	−6,000
New Jersey	365,000	337,000	315,000	316,000	323,000	330,000	8,000	−35,000
New Mexico	36,000	33,000	32,000	44,000	41,000	38,000	−3,000	1,000
New York	865,000	875,000	880,000	837,000	854,000	930,000	76,000	65,000
North Carolina	59,000	64,000	50,000	57,000	50,000	46,000	−4,000	−14,000
North Dakota	11,000	11,000	10,000	12,000	10,000	8,000	−2,000	−3,000
Ohio	312,000	349,000	317,000	325,000	354,000	272,000	−82,000	−39,000
Oklahoma	57,000	43,000	53,000	57,000	81,000	57,000	−24,000	0
Oregon	146,000	154,000	189,000	163,000	143,000	143,000	0	−3,000
Pennsylvania	307,000	324,000	355,000	358,000	349,000	320,000	−29,000	14,000
Rhode Island	43,000	43,000	40,000	41,000	28,000	37,000	9,000	−7,000
South Carolina	25,000	24,000	16,000	13,000	21,000	35,000	13,000	10,000
South Dakota	14,000	8,000	7,000	8,000	9,000	7,000	−2,000	−7,000
Tennessee	67,000	54,000	73,000	93,000	82,000	61,000	−20,000	−6,000
Texas	235,000	303,000	228,000	285,000	302,000	286,000	−16,000	51,000
Utah	25,000	31,000	31,000	41,000	41,000	30,000	−11,000	5,000
Vermont	20,000	20,000	20,000	20,000	22,000	24,000	1,000	4,000
Virginia	78,000	105,000	105,000	76,000	104,000	123,000	19,000	45,000
Washington	302,000	279,000	336,000	322,000	292,000	251,000	−41,000	−52,000
West Virginia	27,000	30,000	31,000	25,000	22,000	30,000	7,000	3,000
Wisconsin	97,000	81,000	81,000	69,000	70,000	63,000	−7,000	−33,000
Wyoming	8,000	9,000	5,000	7,000	8,000	7,000	−2,000	−1,000
Total employment
Alabama	318,000	311,000	311,000	319,000	338,000	317,000	−21,000	0
Alaska	80,000	72,000	77,000	85,000	83,000	75,000	−8,000	−5,000
Arizona	420,000	418,000	423,000	405,000	391,000	430,000	39,000	10,000
Arkansas	190,000	185,000	175,000	195,000	206,000	209,000	4,000	19,000
California	2,367,000	2,373,000	2,242,000	2,478,000	2,498,000	2,568,000	70,000	202,000
Colorado	438,000	405,000	433,000	462,000	458,000	461,000	4,000	23,000
Connecticut	220,000	196,000	179,000	242,000	248,000	248,000	0	28,000
Delaware	61,000	68,000	69,000	65,000	71,000	67,000	−3,000	6,000
District Of Columbia	94,000	99,000	96,000	91,000	94,000	98,000	4,000	4,000
Florida	1,207,000	1,096,000	1,058,000	1,124,000	1,156,000	1,046,000	−110,000	−161,000
Georgia	660,000	636,000	708,000	667,000	681,000	651,000	−30,000	−9,000
Hawaii	128,000	128,000	134,000	127,000	135,000	134,000	−1,000	7,000
Idaho	103,000	117,000	112,000	129,000	136,000	132,000	−4,000	29,000
Illinois	720,000	634,000	733,000	742,000	682,000	708,000	25,000	−12,000
Indiana	344,000	335,000	376,000	331,000	372,000	381,000	9,000	37,000
Iowa	248,000	226,000	204,000	196,000	206,000	201,000	−5,000	−47,000
Kansas	241,000	216,000	226,000	254,000	236,000	233,000	−3,000	−8,000
Kentucky	252,000	287,000	254,000	274,000	284,000	221,000	−64,000	−31,000
Louisiana	312,000	301,000	301,000	308,000	305,000	294,000	−11,000	−18,000
Maine	89,000	118,000	91,000	78,000	80,000	89,000	10,000	0
Maryland	682,000	678,000	649,000	725,000	762,000	734,000	−28,000	52,000
Massachusetts	405,000	349,000	389,000	392,000	388,000	447,000	60,000	42,000
Michigan	475,000	496,000	475,000	410,000	454,000	467,000	13,000	−8,000
Minnesota	356,000	387,000	393,000	362,000	354,000	328,000	−25,000	−28,000
Mississippi	208,000	181,000	189,000	204,000	200,000	206,000	6,000	−2,000
Missouri	398,000	360,000	377,000	385,000	374,000	398,000	25,000	1,000
Montana	79,000	84,000	83,000	93,000	89,000	83,000	−7,000	4,000
Nebraska	146,000	148,000	127,000	129,000	149,000	128,000	−21,000	−17,000
Nevada	187,000	183,000	155,000	148,000	175,000	182,000	7,000	−5,000
New Hampshire	87,000	89,000	89,000	102,000	85,000	86,000	1,000	0
New Jersey	623,000	573,000	533,000	553,000	558,000	564,000	5,000	−60,000
New Mexico	204,000	202,000	196,000	193,000	210,000	213,000	3,000	10,000
New York	1,310,000	1,283,000	1,315,000	1,271,000	1,349,000	1,420,000	71,000	111,000
North Carolina	686,000	582,000	557,000	685,000	649,000	627,000	−22,000	−59,000
North Dakota	60,000	62,000	61,000	62,000	60,000	64,000	4,000	4,000
Ohio	719,000	764,000	699,000	711,000	764,000	689,000	−76,000	−30,000
Oklahoma	290,000	285,000	266,000	335,000	347,000	366,000	19,000	76,000
Oregon	272,000	290,000	323,000	288,000	287,000	291,000	5,000	19,000
Pennsylvania	595,000	602,000	662,000	715,000	653,000	676,000	23,000	81,000
Rhode Island	71,000	65,000	63,000	65,000	58,000	67,000	9,000	−4,000
South Carolina	329,000	326,000	334,000	333,000	371,000	352,000	−19,000	23,000
South Dakota	63,000	59,000	62,000	47,000	54,000	59,000	5,000	−4,000
Tennessee	423,000	399,000	408,000	419,000	433,000	446,000	12,000	23,000
Texas	1,645,000	1,747,000	1,657,000	1,733,000	1,765,000	1,894,000	129,000	250,000
Utah	228,000	239,000	222,000	227,000	258,000	268,000	10,000	39,000
Vermont	47,000	48,000	49,000	48,000	47,000	53,000	6,000	6,000
Virginia	803,000	842,000	860,000	861,000	919,000	876,000	−43,000	73,000
Washington	575,000	558,000	637,000	650,000	559,000	598,000	39,000	23,000
West Virginia	124,000	127,000	141,000	133,000	125,000	135,000	10,000	11,000
Wisconsin	369,000	360,000	380,000	362,000	351,000	352,000	1,000	−17,000
Wyoming	60,000	65,000	60,000	63,000	64,000	63,000	−1,000	3,000
Sample size
Alabama	448	410	422	397	384	342
Alaska	448	387	386	392	377	315
Arizona	311	288	273	244	232	251
Arkansas	402	340	315	333	342	334
California	1,770	1,609	1,509	1,571	1,502	1,536
Colorado	307	276	295	303	274	278
Connecticut	216	171	154	187	190	203
Delaware	224	212	218	207	208	196
District Of Columbia	649	655	615	603	513	566
Florida	839	708	688	673	660	576
Georgia	498	425	466	390	381	352
Hawaii	445	399	408	392	412	401
Idaho	330	348	329	351	348	337
Illinois	519	425	486	434	398	412
Indiana	287	256	287	237	243	247
Iowa	309	264	223	195	204	203
Kansas	365	306	305	299	271	276
Kentucky	225	245	220	203	187	142
Louisiana	537	459	462	454	416	377
Maine	175	224	161	127	126	130
Maryland	450	425	404	418	393	375
Massachusetts	396	320	358	347	342	387
Michigan	359	349	325	261	288	276
Minnesota	282	288	268	242	232	217
Mississippi	434	366	363	365	341	320
Missouri	302	263	272	263	244	247
Montana	448	437	407	404	375	352
Nebraska	334	313	261	234	259	230
Nevada	270	240	208	187	197	216
New Hampshire	297	284	255	260	206	203
New Jersey	473	398	338	310	312	314
New Mexico	566	502	491	456	444	423
New York	933	818	774	703	712	752
North Carolina	501	382	391	448	411	374
North Dakota	412	414	394	354	295	325
Ohio	514	501	448	406	412	403
Oklahoma	371	351	314	355	362	378
Oregon	337	348	378	318	300	290
Pennsylvania	411	378	422	438	365	380
Rhode Island	211	165	154	141	126	144
South Carolina	341	313	321	307	335	306
South Dakota	270	236	235	172	183	200
Tennessee	415	337	342	315	301	332
Texas	1,116	1,043	990	975	937	1,016
Utah	409	392	359	336	354	372
Vermont	324	312	314	278	243	294
Virginia	576	565	559	529	524	499
Washington	479	435	479	438	384	386
West Virginia	484	437	458	427	394	435
Wisconsin	289	261	267	251	233	232
Wyoming	503	518	443	449	420	419
* Many estimates here and in the final published BLS report are subject to substantial sampling error due to small underlying sample sizes.
Note: Workers 16 and older; excludes self-employed and self-incorporated. Changes may not match exactly due to rounding.
Source: Economic Policy Institute. 2022. Current Population Survey Extracts, Version 1.0.59, https://microdata.epi.org.