Table 5b: Union membership and union coverage within the public sector, 12-months ending November, 2018 to 2023
By state
	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	Change
						2023-2022	2023-2019
Coverage (%)
Alabama	23.4%	22.9%	18.9%	25.9%	23.8%	−2.1	0.4
Alaska	42.9%	44.9%	40.3%	40.3%	35.7%	−4.7	−7.3
Arizona	25.4%	28.3%	25.1%	20.1%	17.9%	−2.2	−7.5
Arkansas	11.2%	13.0%	7.6%	9.9%	11.8%	1.9	0.6
California	55.1%	56.2%	57.7%	57.5%	55.3%	−2.3	0.1
Colorado	27.5%	22.5%	21.6%	18.8%	26.3%	7.4	−1.3
Connecticut	64.9%	75.1%	71.1%	62.8%	66.9%	4.1	2.0
Delaware	37.6%	38.6%	32.3%	37.1%	36.8%	−0.3	−0.8
District Of Columbia	21.9%	21.3%	21.6%	21.9%	22.8%	0.9	0.9
Florida	32.1%	30.0%	25.4%	27.2%	26.2%	−1.0	−5.9
Georgia	13.1%	18.1%	16.9%	18.0%	18.3%	0.3	5.2
Hawaii	56.8%	58.4%	50.9%	55.6%	56.3%	0.7	−0.5
Idaho	19.5%	21.9%	18.8%	17.8%	16.1%	−1.7	−3.4
Illinois	47.6%	58.7%	52.1%	53.3%	48.0%	−5.3	0.5
Indiana	25.5%	31.1%	36.2%	24.6%	24.1%	−0.6	−1.4
Iowa	25.2%	32.6%	29.4%	25.3%	28.0%	2.6	2.8
Kansas	25.7%	25.2%	27.6%	28.0%	27.0%	−1.0	1.3
Kentucky	18.5%	15.2%	18.4%	24.0%	25.8%	1.8	7.3
Louisiana	17.0%	17.0%	16.6%	16.1%	14.1%	−2.0	−3.0
Maine	56.1%	53.3%	54.2%	50.2%	40.1%	−10.0	−16.0
Maryland	37.1%	35.1%	32.3%	33.0%	32.2%	−0.9	−4.9
Massachusetts	55.0%	53.4%	56.6%	58.1%	56.8%	−1.3	1.8
Michigan	47.5%	47.2%	52.5%	51.2%	42.2%	−9.0	−5.3
Minnesota	57.8%	63.8%	56.9%	51.5%	52.8%	1.3	−5.0
Mississippi	17.7%	19.0%	16.3%	15.5%	18.1%	2.6	0.4
Missouri	33.0%	29.1%	27.6%	26.4%	26.4%	0.1	−6.6
Montana	39.8%	40.3%	38.7%	38.0%	37.9%	−0.1	−1.9
Nebraska	34.9%	38.7%	26.3%	24.9%	33.0%	8.1	−1.9
Nevada	39.1%	42.1%	47.9%	41.6%	40.7%	−0.9	1.6
New Hampshire	52.1%	51.2%	50.7%	50.8%	50.7%	−0.2	−1.5
New Jersey	63.7%	62.0%	64.1%	60.9%	60.8%	−0.1	−2.9
New Mexico	22.9%	19.5%	20.5%	28.3%	23.5%	−4.7	0.6
New York	69.0%	70.2%	70.5%	69.2%	65.6%	−3.6	−3.3
North Carolina	12.7%	12.3%	11.7%	11.5%	8.9%	−2.6	−3.8
North Dakota	21.8%	21.5%	22.1%	23.5%	20.1%	−3.4	−1.7
Ohio	47.0%	47.7%	48.8%	49.5%	46.4%	−3.1	−0.7
Oklahoma	24.5%	22.3%	22.2%	21.6%	26.9%	5.3	2.4
Oregon	56.8%	56.8%	61.3%	60.8%	52.1%	−8.7	−4.7
Pennsylvania	54.9%	58.2%	56.2%	53.9%	57.9%	4.1	3.0
Rhode Island	66.0%	70.4%	67.9%	65.7%	50.1%	−15.6	−16.0
South Carolina	8.5%	10.1%	6.2%	4.9%	7.0%	2.1	−1.6
South Dakota	26.7%	17.4%	14.4%	20.4%	18.5%	−1.9	−8.2
Tennessee	17.5%	14.4%	19.3%	24.7%	20.7%	−3.9	3.2
Texas	16.7%	20.6%	17.0%	19.3%	19.8%	0.5	3.1
Utah	17.2%	16.5%	19.2%	22.9%	22.9%	0.0	5.6
Vermont	46.3%	47.1%	45.8%	45.3%	54.0%	8.7	7.7
Virginia	12.9%	14.4%	17.7%	11.5%	14.1%	2.7	1.2
Washington	54.8%	54.2%	55.4%	52.8%	55.3%	2.5	0.6
West Virginia	24.3%	24.7%	24.8%	23.1%	21.9%	−1.2	−2.3
Wisconsin	28.8%	26.6%	24.7%	23.7%	23.6%	−0.2	−5.2
Wyoming	17.0%	17.7%	12.4%	17.6%	17.9%	0.3	0.9
Membership (%)
Alabama	19.2%	21.4%	16.4%	22.4%	21.2%	−1.2	2.0
Alaska	39.4%	41.1%	37.4%	36.9%	34.5%	−2.4	−4.9
Arizona	20.4%	19.0%	20.5%	17.3%	16.3%	−1.1	−4.2
Arkansas	9.4%	10.5%	6.2%	7.4%	10.0%	2.5	0.6
California	52.0%	52.3%	54.1%	53.5%	51.3%	−2.2	−0.7
Colorado	25.4%	18.5%	19.2%	16.1%	19.8%	3.7	−5.6
Connecticut	62.0%	73.1%	69.6%	60.0%	65.3%	5.3	3.3
Delaware	34.7%	37.5%	30.6%	34.9%	31.1%	−3.7	−3.6
District Of Columbia	19.9%	18.9%	19.1%	18.7%	19.9%	1.1	0.0
Florida	27.1%	25.0%	21.7%	22.4%	20.7%	−1.7	−6.4
Georgia	10.7%	13.9%	13.7%	13.8%	15.0%	1.2	4.3
Hawaii	53.2%	54.3%	47.6%	52.7%	52.7%	0.0	−0.5
Idaho	16.8%	18.7%	14.6%	13.5%	13.1%	−0.3	−3.7
Illinois	45.7%	56.0%	48.0%	50.5%	45.3%	−5.2	−0.4
Indiana	19.3%	26.7%	29.7%	20.0%	20.2%	0.1	0.9
Iowa	17.9%	22.3%	20.6%	18.6%	22.1%	3.6	4.2
Kansas	21.7%	20.3%	21.1%	20.4%	19.6%	−0.8	−2.1
Kentucky	15.1%	12.0%	12.9%	16.8%	20.8%	4.0	5.7
Louisiana	15.0%	15.2%	13.8%	12.5%	11.8%	−0.7	−3.2
Maine	47.9%	45.2%	46.8%	42.5%	36.1%	−6.4	−11.8
Maryland	33.0%	32.8%	29.6%	29.0%	26.7%	−2.3	−6.4
Massachusetts	53.1%	51.8%	53.1%	55.6%	54.8%	−0.8	1.7
Michigan	44.2%	43.6%	45.3%	47.2%	38.5%	−8.7	−5.8
Minnesota	55.3%	60.6%	54.0%	48.5%	50.0%	1.5	−5.3
Mississippi	15.5%	17.2%	12.5%	12.4%	13.6%	1.3	−1.8
Missouri	29.0%	26.8%	22.9%	22.9%	23.8%	0.9	−5.2
Montana	34.5%	38.1%	33.5%	34.0%	32.9%	−1.2	−1.6
Nebraska	28.9%	34.7%	23.0%	19.0%	25.4%	6.4	−3.5
Nevada	31.5%	35.0%	39.6%	37.5%	32.8%	−4.6	1.3
New Hampshire	45.3%	43.9%	46.2%	46.2%	46.4%	0.3	1.1
New Jersey	59.4%	58.2%	59.5%	57.6%	58.0%	0.4	−1.4
New Mexico	17.5%	15.8%	16.5%	23.3%	19.5%	−3.8	2.0
New York	66.1%	67.5%	67.1%	65.8%	63.5%	−2.2	−2.5
North Carolina	8.6%	10.5%	9.4%	8.5%	7.6%	−0.9	−1.0
North Dakota	17.8%	18.9%	16.8%	19.8%	17.6%	−2.1	−0.1
Ohio	43.5%	44.6%	45.1%	45.6%	45.3%	−0.3	1.8
Oklahoma	19.7%	16.3%	19.8%	16.9%	22.3%	5.4	2.6
Oregon	53.5%	52.7%	57.3%	56.0%	50.0%	−6.0	−3.5
Pennsylvania	51.0%	54.7%	53.6%	50.0%	53.7%	3.7	2.7
Rhode Island	62.2%	67.5%	64.2%	62.3%	48.0%	−14.2	−14.2
South Carolina	6.9%	7.3%	5.7%	3.8%	5.7%	1.9	−1.2
South Dakota	21.1%	12.4%	11.5%	17.1%	16.7%	−0.4	−4.3
Tennessee	15.2%	12.4%	17.7%	22.1%	18.9%	−3.2	3.7
Texas	13.4%	17.1%	13.8%	16.0%	16.8%	0.9	3.4
Utah	11.6%	12.6%	13.8%	17.0%	15.7%	−1.2	4.1
Vermont	43.0%	42.4%	39.8%	41.4%	47.7%	6.3	4.6
Virginia	9.5%	12.3%	12.4%	9.4%	11.2%	1.8	1.6
Washington	52.1%	50.0%	53.0%	49.8%	51.5%	1.7	−0.6
West Virginia	21.8%	23.1%	22.7%	20.7%	18.8%	−1.9	−3.0
Wisconsin	24.3%	22.5%	20.9%	19.5%	19.7%	0.2	−4.6
Wyoming	13.1%	14.3%	9.7%	12.6%	14.1%	1.5	1.0
Coverage
Alabama	75,000	73,000	59,000	83,000	81,000	−2,000	6,000
Alaska	35,000	32,000	31,000	35,000	30,000	−5,000	−5,000
Arizona	108,000	117,000	105,000	80,000	71,000	−10,000	−37,000
Arkansas	21,000	25,000	13,000	19,000	25,000	6,000	4,000
California	1,303,000	1,342,000	1,289,000	1,427,000	1,399,000	−28,000	96,000
Colorado	118,000	93,000	93,000	87,000	120,000	33,000	2,000
Connecticut	144,000	152,000	129,000	151,000	162,000	11,000	18,000
Delaware	23,000	26,000	22,000	24,000	26,000	2,000	3,000
District Of Columbia	21,000	21,000	21,000	20,000	21,000	1,000	1,000
Florida	381,000	330,000	272,000	303,000	297,000	−6,000	−84,000
Georgia	87,000	116,000	119,000	117,000	123,000	6,000	36,000
Hawaii	72,000	78,000	69,000	70,000	74,000	4,000	2,000
Idaho	21,000	25,000	20,000	23,000	22,000	−1,000	1,000
Illinois	345,000	381,000	379,000	388,000	328,000	−60,000	−17,000
Indiana	89,000	103,000	134,000	82,000	94,000	13,000	5,000
Iowa	62,000	74,000	62,000	53,000	60,000	7,000	−2,000
Kansas	62,000	53,000	63,000	72,000	65,000	−7,000	2,000
Kentucky	47,000	42,000	46,000	66,000	72,000	6,000	25,000
Louisiana	53,000	52,000	50,000	50,000	43,000	−7,000	−10,000
Maine	51,000	63,000	48,000	40,000	33,000	−7,000	−18,000
Maryland	250,000	236,000	210,000	235,000	239,000	4,000	−11,000
Massachusetts	227,000	191,000	219,000	229,000	223,000	−6,000	−4,000
Michigan	225,000	231,000	248,000	211,000	193,000	−18,000	−32,000
Minnesota	204,000	247,000	224,000	190,000	195,000	5,000	−8,000
Mississippi	37,000	34,000	30,000	31,000	36,000	5,000	−1,000
Missouri	131,000	105,000	102,000	101,000	99,000	−2,000	−32,000
Montana	31,000	33,000	32,000	35,000	33,000	−2,000	2,000
Nebraska	51,000	56,000	33,000	32,000	48,000	16,000	−2,000
Nevada	73,000	79,000	74,000	61,000	71,000	10,000	−2,000
New Hampshire	46,000	46,000	44,000	50,000	44,000	−6,000	−2,000
New Jersey	395,000	359,000	341,000	337,000	338,000	1,000	−58,000
New Mexico	48,000	40,000	40,000	54,000	48,000	−6,000	1,000
New York	901,000	893,000	923,000	890,000	889,000	−1,000	−12,000
North Carolina	88,000	74,000	66,000	80,000	58,000	−22,000	−29,000
North Dakota	13,000	13,000	13,000	14,000	12,000	−2,000	−1,000
Ohio	349,000	362,000	343,000	352,000	351,000	−2,000	2,000
Oklahoma	70,000	62,000	60,000	70,000	93,000	24,000	24,000
Oregon	153,000	164,000	192,000	169,000	145,000	−24,000	−8,000
Pennsylvania	332,000	357,000	380,000	378,000	371,000	−7,000	39,000
Rhode Island	47,000	44,000	41,000	42,000	30,000	−13,000	−18,000
South Carolina	28,000	33,000	21,000	16,000	25,000	9,000	−3,000
South Dakota	17,000	10,000	9,000	10,000	10,000	1,000	−7,000
Tennessee	73,000	57,000	76,000	102,000	89,000	−13,000	16,000
Texas	276,000	353,000	281,000	334,000	346,000	13,000	70,000
Utah	39,000	39,000	43,000	52,000	58,000	6,000	19,000
Vermont	21,000	22,000	22,000	22,000	25,000	3,000	4,000
Virginia	101,000	121,000	151,000	98,000	132,000	34,000	30,000
Washington	312,000	301,000	353,000	343,000	310,000	−33,000	−1,000
West Virginia	30,000	31,000	35,000	31,000	28,000	−4,000	−2,000
Wisconsin	110,000	101,000	98,000	87,000	82,000	−5,000	−28,000
Wyoming	10,000	12,000	8,000	11,000	11,000	0	1,000
Membership
Alabama	62,000	68,000	51,000	72,000	72,000	0	10,000
Alaska	32,000	29,000	29,000	32,000	29,000	−3,000	−3,000
Arizona	87,000	79,000	86,000	70,000	64,000	−5,000	−22,000
Arkansas	18,000	20,000	11,000	15,000	21,000	7,000	3,000
California	1,228,000	1,249,000	1,208,000	1,326,000	1,298,000	−28,000	70,000
Colorado	108,000	76,000	83,000	74,000	90,000	16,000	−18,000
Connecticut	137,000	148,000	126,000	144,000	158,000	14,000	21,000
Delaware	22,000	25,000	21,000	23,000	22,000	−1,000	1,000
District Of Columbia	19,000	19,000	19,000	17,000	18,000	1,000	0
Florida	322,000	275,000	232,000	250,000	235,000	−16,000	−88,000
Georgia	71,000	89,000	96,000	90,000	101,000	11,000	30,000
Hawaii	67,000	72,000	64,000	66,000	69,000	3,000	2,000
Idaho	18,000	22,000	16,000	17,000	18,000	1,000	0
Illinois	332,000	364,000	349,000	367,000	309,000	−58,000	−22,000
Indiana	67,000	88,000	110,000	66,000	79,000	13,000	12,000
Iowa	44,000	50,000	44,000	39,000	47,000	9,000	3,000
Kansas	53,000	43,000	48,000	53,000	47,000	−6,000	−6,000
Kentucky	38,000	33,000	32,000	46,000	58,000	12,000	20,000
Louisiana	47,000	46,000	42,000	39,000	36,000	−3,000	−10,000
Maine	44,000	53,000	42,000	34,000	30,000	−4,000	−14,000
Maryland	223,000	220,000	192,000	206,000	198,000	−8,000	−25,000
Massachusetts	219,000	185,000	205,000	219,000	215,000	−4,000	−4,000
Michigan	210,000	213,000	214,000	195,000	176,000	−18,000	−34,000
Minnesota	195,000	234,000	213,000	179,000	185,000	6,000	−10,000
Mississippi	32,000	31,000	23,000	25,000	27,000	2,000	−5,000
Missouri	115,000	97,000	85,000	88,000	89,000	1,000	−26,000
Montana	27,000	31,000	27,000	31,000	29,000	−2,000	2,000
Nebraska	42,000	51,000	29,000	25,000	37,000	12,000	−5,000
Nevada	59,000	66,000	61,000	55,000	57,000	2,000	−2,000
New Hampshire	40,000	39,000	40,000	45,000	40,000	−5,000	0
New Jersey	368,000	337,000	316,000	318,000	322,000	4,000	−46,000
New Mexico	36,000	32,000	32,000	45,000	40,000	−5,000	4,000
New York	863,000	858,000	878,000	846,000	861,000	15,000	−2,000
North Carolina	59,000	63,000	53,000	59,000	49,000	−10,000	−10,000
North Dakota	11,000	12,000	10,000	12,000	10,000	−2,000	0
Ohio	323,000	339,000	317,000	324,000	342,000	18,000	19,000
Oklahoma	56,000	45,000	53,000	54,000	78,000	23,000	21,000
Oregon	144,000	152,000	180,000	156,000	139,000	−16,000	−5,000
Pennsylvania	308,000	336,000	363,000	351,000	344,000	−7,000	36,000
Rhode Island	45,000	42,000	39,000	40,000	28,000	−12,000	−16,000
South Carolina	23,000	24,000	19,000	13,000	21,000	8,000	−2,000
South Dakota	13,000	7,000	7,000	8,000	9,000	1,000	−4,000
Tennessee	64,000	49,000	69,000	91,000	81,000	−10,000	18,000
Texas	221,000	293,000	228,000	276,000	295,000	19,000	73,000
Utah	26,000	30,000	31,000	39,000	40,000	2,000	14,000
Vermont	20,000	20,000	19,000	20,000	22,000	2,000	2,000
Virginia	75,000	104,000	105,000	80,000	104,000	24,000	29,000
Washington	297,000	277,000	338,000	323,000	289,000	−35,000	−8,000
West Virginia	27,000	29,000	32,000	28,000	24,000	−4,000	−3,000
Wisconsin	93,000	85,000	83,000	72,000	69,000	−3,000	−24,000
Wyoming	8,000	9,000	6,000	8,000	9,000	1,000	1,000
Total employment
Alabama	321,000	319,000	314,000	322,000	340,000	18,000	19,000
Alaska	81,000	71,000	77,000	87,000	83,000	−4,000	2,000
Arizona	425,000	415,000	419,000	401,000	396,000	−5,000	−29,000
Arkansas	190,000	189,000	175,000	196,000	213,000	17,000	22,000
California	2,363,000	2,387,000	2,234,000	2,479,000	2,532,000	53,000	169,000
Colorado	427,000	412,000	432,000	461,000	456,000	−5,000	29,000
Connecticut	221,000	202,000	181,000	240,000	242,000	2,000	20,000
Delaware	62,000	68,000	69,000	65,000	72,000	6,000	9,000
District Of Columbia	94,000	99,000	97,000	91,000	93,000	2,000	−1,000
Florida	1,189,000	1,099,000	1,068,000	1,115,000	1,133,000	18,000	−56,000
Georgia	663,000	639,000	704,000	648,000	671,000	22,000	7,000
Hawaii	127,000	133,000	135,000	126,000	132,000	6,000	5,000
Idaho	107,000	116,000	107,000	126,000	135,000	9,000	29,000
Illinois	726,000	649,000	727,000	727,000	683,000	−45,000	−43,000
Indiana	350,000	331,000	370,000	331,000	393,000	61,000	43,000
Iowa	245,000	226,000	211,000	209,000	214,000	5,000	−31,000
Kansas	242,000	211,000	227,000	257,000	239,000	−18,000	−3,000
Kentucky	252,000	277,000	250,000	274,000	280,000	6,000	28,000
Louisiana	312,000	305,000	304,000	314,000	308,000	−6,000	−5,000
Maine	91,000	117,000	89,000	80,000	83,000	3,000	−8,000
Maryland	675,000	671,000	648,000	711,000	743,000	32,000	68,000
Massachusetts	412,000	357,000	386,000	394,000	393,000	−1,000	−20,000
Michigan	474,000	489,000	473,000	413,000	458,000	46,000	−16,000
Minnesota	352,000	386,000	393,000	369,000	370,000	1,000	18,000
Mississippi	206,000	177,000	186,000	201,000	199,000	−2,000	−8,000
Missouri	398,000	362,000	369,000	384,000	375,000	−8,000	−22,000
Montana	78,000	82,000	82,000	91,000	87,000	−4,000	10,000
Nebraska	145,000	146,000	126,000	130,000	147,000	17,000	1,000
Nevada	187,000	188,000	154,000	147,000	174,000	28,000	−12,000
New Hampshire	88,000	89,000	87,000	98,000	87,000	−11,000	−1,000
New Jersey	620,000	579,000	532,000	553,000	555,000	3,000	−65,000
New Mexico	207,000	205,000	193,000	191,000	204,000	13,000	−3,000
New York	1,307,000	1,272,000	1,309,000	1,286,000	1,355,000	69,000	48,000
North Carolina	689,000	599,000	561,000	696,000	654,000	−42,000	−35,000
North Dakota	59,000	62,000	61,000	61,000	60,000	−1,000	0
Ohio	742,000	760,000	703,000	711,000	756,000	45,000	14,000
Oklahoma	285,000	278,000	271,000	323,000	348,000	25,000	62,000
Oregon	270,000	288,000	314,000	278,000	278,000	1,000	8,000
Pennsylvania	604,000	613,000	677,000	702,000	641,000	−61,000	37,000
Rhode Island	72,000	62,000	61,000	65,000	59,000	−6,000	−13,000
South Carolina	328,000	325,000	341,000	336,000	361,000	25,000	32,000
South Dakota	63,000	59,000	60,000	47,000	55,000	8,000	−8,000
Tennessee	419,000	398,000	391,000	414,000	431,000	17,000	12,000
Texas	1,653,000	1,714,000	1,652,000	1,728,000	1,750,000	22,000	96,000
Utah	225,000	237,000	226,000	227,000	255,000	28,000	30,000
Vermont	46,000	47,000	47,000	49,000	46,000	−3,000	0
Virginia	784,000	844,000	851,000	853,000	931,000	78,000	147,000
Washington	569,000	555,000	637,000	650,000	561,000	−89,000	−8,000
West Virginia	123,000	127,000	139,000	135,000	126,000	−9,000	3,000
Wisconsin	383,000	378,000	397,000	367,000	348,000	−19,000	−35,000
Wyoming	61,000	65,000	61,000	63,000	64,000	1,000	3,000
Sample size
Alabama	496	462	464	438	425
Alaska	487	414	421	431	404
Arizona	346	316	297	264	253
Arkansas	441	385	344	366	383
California	1,932	1,773	1,634	1,714	1,671
Colorado	330	307	320	328	296
Connecticut	236	192	171	204	203
Delaware	245	235	244	227	228
District Of Columbia	721	717	682	659	561
Florida	902	775	757	731	709
Georgia	546	469	508	413	407
Hawaii	482	455	454	420	435
Idaho	372	377	346	372	374
Illinois	573	481	531	467	431
Indiana	321	276	306	259	275
Iowa	332	288	255	229	228
Kansas	397	325	333	333	301
Kentucky	247	261	237	222	203
Louisiana	589	513	517	507	455
Maine	197	243	169	138	141
Maryland	491	464	438	442	420
Massachusetts	444	360	387	378	377
Michigan	392	376	351	285	314
Minnesota	305	315	293	267	265
Mississippi	474	393	396	391	367
Missouri	330	291	292	284	270
Montana	481	471	439	433	400
Nebraska	362	335	282	258	276
Nevada	294	271	227	204	216
New Hampshire	329	309	269	271	230
New Jersey	514	442	369	339	339
New Mexico	631	564	532	490	471
New York	1,014	891	845	779	774
North Carolina	551	435	428	498	457
North Dakota	444	448	426	386	320
Ohio	578	548	494	448	442
Oklahoma	400	378	347	371	390
Oregon	365	379	400	334	318
Pennsylvania	451	425	471	472	393
Rhode Island	233	172	165	155	141
South Carolina	374	347	361	337	356
South Dakota	294	258	252	186	205
Tennessee	449	372	359	338	328
Texas	1,230	1,123	1,080	1,068	1,012
Utah	439	430	396	368	381
Vermont	347	338	334	309	264
Virginia	620	625	605	573	577
Washington	520	474	523	475	418
West Virginia	528	487	495	469	430
Wisconsin	327	298	297	275	253
Wyoming	556	566	494	491	452
* Many estimates here and in the final published BLS report are subject to substantial sampling error due to small underlying sample sizes.
Note: Workers 16 and older; excludes self-employed and self-incorporated. Changes may not match exactly due to rounding.
Source: Economic Policy Institute. 2020. Current Population Survey Extracts, Version 1.0.46, https://microdata.epi.org.