Table 5a: Union membership and union coverage within the private sector, 12-months ending November, 2018 to 2023
By state
	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	Change
						2023-2022	2023-2019
Coverage (%)
Alabama	7.2%	5.9%	5.0%	4.7%	5.7%	1.0	−1.5
Alaska	8.4%	10.5%	8.2%	10.1%	7.4%	−2.7	−1.1
Arizona	4.2%	3.7%	3.6%	4.4%	2.4%	−2.0	−1.8
Arkansas	5.0%	4.8%	3.3%	4.4%	5.0%	0.5	0.0
California	9.9%	10.3%	11.3%	10.2%	9.7%	−0.5	−0.2
Colorado	7.2%	4.9%	5.0%	4.9%	4.6%	−0.3	−2.5
Connecticut	8.5%	9.8%	8.7%	8.5%	7.6%	−0.8	−0.8
Delaware	5.5%	4.9%	5.9%	4.6%	5.4%	0.8	−0.1
District Of Columbia	6.3%	4.9%	5.0%	6.7%	5.1%	−1.5	−1.1
Florida	3.7%	4.5%	3.3%	2.8%	3.5%	0.6	−0.3
Georgia	4.0%	3.9%	3.9%	3.4%	3.3%	−0.1	−0.7
Hawaii	15.4%	15.1%	15.9%	14.7%	15.6%	1.0	0.3
Idaho	3.9%	4.1%	3.2%	3.5%	3.6%	0.1	−0.3
Illinois	9.7%	9.1%	9.6%	8.3%	8.8%	0.5	−0.9
Indiana	7.8%	6.3%	6.5%	6.4%	6.9%	0.5	−0.9
Iowa	4.3%	5.1%	4.8%	5.4%	5.9%	0.5	1.6
Kansas	6.3%	8.2%	7.4%	8.4%	7.7%	−0.7	1.3
Kentucky	7.8%	8.3%	8.4%	7.3%	8.1%	0.8	0.3
Louisiana	3.9%	4.5%	3.3%	2.8%	3.2%	0.3	−0.7
Maine	6.4%	6.6%	7.1%	4.6%	5.5%	0.8	−1.0
Maryland	5.3%	6.6%	6.3%	5.9%	6.5%	0.7	1.2
Massachusetts	7.7%	7.5%	7.3%	7.6%	8.1%	0.5	0.5
Michigan	10.7%	12.4%	10.4%	11.3%	11.0%	−0.3	0.3
Minnesota	7.8%	8.1%	9.6%	9.7%	8.6%	−1.1	0.8
Mississippi	6.2%	6.0%	4.8%	5.9%	7.6%	1.6	1.4
Missouri	8.9%	6.7%	7.6%	7.9%	7.8%	−0.2	−1.1
Montana	6.0%	6.2%	6.9%	5.8%	7.2%	1.4	1.2
Nebraska	5.2%	4.7%	4.8%	5.4%	4.8%	−0.6	−0.4
Nevada	12.3%	10.6%	9.4%	9.0%	10.9%	1.9	−1.4
New Hampshire	5.7%	5.0%	4.9%	4.3%	4.8%	0.5	−0.9
New Jersey	8.8%	9.7%	10.1%	9.3%	10.7%	1.3	1.9
New Mexico	4.0%	4.2%	5.2%	5.1%	4.4%	−0.7	0.4
New York	14.5%	14.2%	14.3%	13.4%	12.8%	−0.5	−1.6
North Carolina	1.7%	2.5%	2.1%	2.5%	2.4%	−0.1	0.7
North Dakota	4.3%	4.7%	3.7%	4.3%	5.2%	0.9	0.9
Ohio	7.9%	8.0%	6.9%	8.0%	7.9%	−0.1	−0.1
Oklahoma	4.3%	4.2%	3.6%	3.5%	2.8%	−0.7	−1.4
Oregon	8.3%	9.1%	9.8%	9.1%	8.0%	−1.1	−0.2
Pennsylvania	7.7%	9.1%	7.6%	7.8%	8.8%	1.0	1.1
Rhode Island	10.7%	11.0%	10.9%	10.6%	9.5%	−1.2	−1.2
South Carolina	1.6%	2.4%	1.3%	1.4%	2.3%	0.9	0.7
South Dakota	2.9%	3.2%	3.4%	2.1%	2.3%	0.1	−0.6
Tennessee	3.5%	3.2%	3.7%	3.5%	4.2%	0.7	0.7
Texas	3.4%	3.2%	2.8%	2.9%	3.3%	0.4	−0.1
Utah	3.8%	2.8%	4.2%	5.9%	5.9%	0.0	2.1
Vermont	5.7%	7.0%	6.9%	6.6%	8.7%	2.1	3.1
Virginia	3.1%	2.6%	3.1%	2.8%	2.8%	0.1	−0.2
Washington	12.8%	11.2%	11.5%	11.8%	10.6%	−1.2	−2.2
West Virginia	8.2%	7.8%	6.5%	7.2%	7.4%	0.2	−0.8
Wisconsin	5.6%	7.8%	6.1%	6.1%	5.8%	−0.2	0.2
Wyoming	5.5%	6.1%	5.1%	3.8%	3.2%	−0.6	−2.3
Membership (%)
Alabama	6.5%	5.4%	4.3%	4.0%	4.8%	0.8	−1.8
Alaska	7.7%	9.5%	7.4%	9.2%	7.3%	−1.9	−0.4
Arizona	3.3%	3.2%	2.9%	3.9%	2.1%	−1.8	−1.3
Arkansas	4.5%	3.7%	3.2%	3.8%	4.5%	0.7	0.1
California	8.9%	9.4%	9.5%	9.2%	8.8%	−0.4	−0.1
Colorado	6.8%	4.6%	4.3%	4.4%	3.8%	−0.7	−3.1
Connecticut	7.3%	8.5%	7.6%	7.1%	6.5%	−0.7	−0.8
Delaware	4.5%	4.4%	5.7%	4.1%	4.7%	0.6	0.2
District Of Columbia	5.6%	4.7%	4.6%	5.9%	4.4%	−1.5	−1.2
Florida	2.9%	3.6%	2.8%	2.2%	2.6%	0.4	−0.3
Georgia	3.3%	2.6%	3.1%	2.9%	2.9%	0.0	−0.4
Hawaii	14.1%	13.6%	14.6%	13.6%	14.8%	1.2	0.7
Idaho	3.0%	3.5%	3.0%	2.9%	2.8%	−0.1	−0.1
Illinois	8.8%	8.5%	8.8%	7.5%	8.3%	0.8	−0.5
Indiana	6.9%	5.6%	6.0%	5.7%	6.3%	0.6	−0.6
Iowa	3.9%	4.1%	4.2%	4.5%	4.9%	0.4	1.0
Kansas	5.7%	6.3%	6.7%	7.2%	6.7%	−0.4	1.0
Kentucky	6.8%	6.6%	6.5%	5.7%	6.2%	0.4	−0.6
Louisiana	3.4%	3.9%	2.7%	2.4%	2.6%	0.3	−0.8
Maine	5.6%	6.1%	5.8%	3.1%	4.7%	1.5	−1.0
Maryland	4.7%	5.9%	5.4%	5.5%	5.3%	−0.2	0.6
Massachusetts	6.7%	6.6%	6.6%	6.8%	7.1%	0.3	0.4
Michigan	9.4%	11.2%	9.1%	10.2%	10.1%	−0.1	0.7
Minnesota	7.3%	7.5%	8.6%	9.0%	8.0%	−1.0	0.7
Mississippi	4.0%	5.0%	4.1%	4.4%	5.4%	1.0	1.4
Missouri	8.1%	6.2%	6.9%	7.4%	7.0%	−0.3	−1.0
Montana	5.5%	5.5%	6.2%	5.5%	6.8%	1.3	1.3
Nebraska	4.8%	4.3%	4.3%	4.3%	3.7%	−0.6	−1.0
Nevada	11.6%	9.6%	8.4%	8.0%	9.4%	1.5	−2.1
New Hampshire	5.2%	4.6%	4.1%	3.9%	3.8%	−0.1	−1.4
New Jersey	7.8%	8.3%	9.3%	8.3%	9.6%	1.3	1.8
New Mexico	3.6%	3.7%	4.3%	4.6%	3.5%	−1.1	−0.1
New York	12.9%	12.7%	12.9%	12.3%	12.0%	−0.2	−0.9
North Carolina	1.2%	1.8%	1.5%	1.8%	1.9%	0.1	0.7
North Dakota	3.4%	3.9%	3.0%	3.6%	4.1%	0.5	0.7
Ohio	7.1%	7.2%	6.3%	7.2%	7.2%	−0.1	0.1
Oklahoma	3.2%	3.6%	2.8%	2.6%	2.8%	0.2	−0.4
Oregon	7.3%	8.7%	9.4%	8.4%	7.5%	−0.9	0.2
Pennsylvania	7.0%	8.3%	7.1%	7.3%	7.9%	0.6	0.9
Rhode Island	9.4%	10.3%	9.3%	9.4%	8.6%	−0.8	−0.8
South Carolina	1.2%	1.9%	1.1%	1.2%	1.8%	0.5	0.6
South Dakota	2.6%	2.5%	2.7%	1.4%	1.8%	0.4	−0.8
Tennessee	2.8%	2.7%	3.0%	3.0%	3.4%	0.4	0.6
Texas	2.5%	2.6%	2.3%	2.2%	2.7%	0.5	0.2
Utah	3.2%	1.7%	1.6%	1.8%	1.6%	−0.2	−1.5
Vermont	5.3%	5.6%	6.1%	5.9%	8.2%	2.3	2.9
Virginia	2.5%	2.0%	2.4%	2.2%	2.3%	0.0	−0.2
Washington	11.9%	10.6%	10.8%	11.0%	9.7%	−1.3	−2.2
West Virginia	7.6%	7.5%	5.8%	6.8%	6.6%	−0.1	−0.9
Wisconsin	5.2%	6.8%	5.4%	5.3%	5.2%	−0.1	0.0
Wyoming	5.0%	5.0%	4.2%	3.3%	3.0%	−0.3	−2.1
Coverage
Alabama	125,000	93,000	81,000	82,000	100,000	18,000	−25,000
Alaska	17,000	22,000	17,000	22,000	16,000	−5,000	−1,000
Arizona	110,000	93,000	96,000	118,000	67,000	−51,000	−43,000
Arkansas	50,000	47,000	33,000	45,000	50,000	6,000	0
California	1,387,000	1,321,000	1,494,000	1,394,000	1,342,000	−52,000	−44,000
Colorado	155,000	103,000	104,000	108,000	104,000	−4,000	−51,000
Connecticut	123,000	131,000	115,000	120,000	105,000	−14,000	−18,000
Delaware	20,000	17,000	22,000	17,000	20,000	2,000	−1,000
District Of Columbia	17,000	12,000	13,000	16,000	13,000	−3,000	−4,000
Florida	284,000	317,000	249,000	223,000	287,000	63,000	3,000
Georgia	151,000	140,000	145,000	130,000	130,000	0	−21,000
Hawaii	68,000	58,000	64,000	65,000	69,000	3,000	1,000
Idaho	25,000	25,000	21,000	25,000	24,000	0	−1,000
Illinois	479,000	415,000	446,000	406,000	427,000	21,000	−52,000
Indiana	207,000	160,000	160,000	172,000	186,000	14,000	−21,000
Iowa	56,000	59,000	57,000	70,000	76,000	6,000	20,000
Kansas	66,000	87,000	79,000	88,000	86,000	−2,000	20,000
Kentucky	119,000	118,000	125,000	111,000	116,000	5,000	−3,000
Louisiana	57,000	63,000	47,000	42,000	46,000	5,000	−11,000
Maine	32,000	29,000	33,000	21,000	26,000	5,000	−6,000
Maryland	118,000	135,000	129,000	124,000	137,000	14,000	20,000
Massachusetts	228,000	199,000	203,000	216,000	233,000	17,000	5,000
Michigan	414,000	435,000	365,000	429,000	433,000	4,000	19,000
Minnesota	181,000	175,000	210,000	225,000	198,000	−27,000	17,000
Mississippi	55,000	51,000	43,000	54,000	67,000	13,000	11,000
Missouri	202,000	144,000	171,000	181,000	185,000	4,000	−17,000
Montana	22,000	21,000	25,000	22,000	28,000	6,000	6,000
Nebraska	39,000	35,000	37,000	43,000	38,000	−5,000	−1,000
Nevada	146,000	111,000	104,000	102,000	130,000	28,000	−15,000
New Hampshire	34,000	27,000	27,000	25,000	28,000	3,000	−6,000
New Jersey	302,000	310,000	327,000	335,000	391,000	56,000	89,000
New Mexico	24,000	23,000	30,000	32,000	27,000	−5,000	2,000
New York	1,017,000	894,000	918,000	917,000	887,000	−30,000	−130,000
North Carolina	63,000	91,000	74,000	94,000	94,000	0	32,000
North Dakota	13,000	13,000	11,000	13,000	16,000	2,000	3,000
Ohio	349,000	323,000	294,000	340,000	342,000	3,000	−6,000
Oklahoma	54,000	51,000	46,000	45,000	38,000	−6,000	−16,000
Oregon	124,000	128,000	143,000	140,000	123,000	−17,000	−1,000
Pennsylvania	387,000	430,000	359,000	386,000	448,000	62,000	62,000
Rhode Island	43,000	43,000	45,000	47,000	42,000	−5,000	−1,000
South Carolina	29,000	40,000	23,000	24,000	40,000	16,000	12,000
South Dakota	10,000	10,000	11,000	8,000	8,000	0	−1,000
Tennessee	88,000	74,000	89,000	87,000	106,000	19,000	18,000
Texas	368,000	321,000	289,000	315,000	375,000	60,000	8,000
Utah	44,000	33,000	52,000	77,000	80,000	3,000	35,000
Vermont	14,000	16,000	15,000	15,000	22,000	7,000	9,000
Virginia	94,000	74,000	88,000	84,000	89,000	5,000	−6,000
Washington	359,000	300,000	304,000	326,000	309,000	−17,000	−50,000
West Virginia	48,000	42,000	36,000	40,000	42,000	2,000	−6,000
Wisconsin	129,000	171,000	141,000	139,000	140,000	1,000	11,000
Wyoming	10,000	11,000	9,000	7,000	6,000	−1,000	−4,000
Membership
Alabama	113,000	86,000	70,000	70,000	83,000	14,000	−29,000
Alaska	15,000	20,000	16,000	20,000	16,000	−3,000	1,000
Arizona	87,000	80,000	77,000	105,000	57,000	−48,000	−31,000
Arkansas	45,000	36,000	31,000	38,000	45,000	7,000	1,000
California	1,246,000	1,207,000	1,264,000	1,259,000	1,218,000	−42,000	−28,000
Colorado	148,000	97,000	89,000	98,000	85,000	−13,000	−63,000
Connecticut	106,000	114,000	101,000	101,000	89,000	−12,000	−17,000
Delaware	17,000	16,000	21,000	15,000	17,000	2,000	1,000
District Of Columbia	15,000	12,000	12,000	14,000	11,000	−3,000	−4,000
Florida	222,000	256,000	208,000	176,000	218,000	42,000	−4,000
Georgia	125,000	94,000	114,000	112,000	115,000	3,000	−10,000
Hawaii	62,000	52,000	59,000	60,000	65,000	5,000	3,000
Idaho	20,000	21,000	20,000	21,000	19,000	−1,000	0
Illinois	435,000	385,000	408,000	369,000	404,000	35,000	−31,000
Indiana	182,000	141,000	149,000	152,000	168,000	16,000	−13,000
Iowa	51,000	49,000	50,000	58,000	63,000	5,000	12,000
Kansas	59,000	67,000	72,000	75,000	75,000	0	16,000
Kentucky	103,000	93,000	97,000	87,000	89,000	2,000	−14,000
Louisiana	50,000	54,000	38,000	35,000	39,000	4,000	−11,000
Maine	28,000	27,000	27,000	14,000	22,000	8,000	−6,000
Maryland	105,000	121,000	112,000	115,000	112,000	−3,000	7,000
Massachusetts	198,000	175,000	185,000	194,000	203,000	9,000	5,000
Michigan	366,000	394,000	320,000	389,000	397,000	7,000	31,000
Minnesota	171,000	162,000	190,000	209,000	184,000	−25,000	14,000
Mississippi	36,000	43,000	37,000	40,000	48,000	7,000	12,000
Missouri	183,000	133,000	157,000	168,000	168,000	0	−16,000
Montana	20,000	18,000	22,000	20,000	26,000	6,000	7,000
Nebraska	36,000	32,000	33,000	35,000	30,000	−5,000	−7,000
Nevada	137,000	100,000	93,000	90,000	112,000	22,000	−25,000
New Hampshire	30,000	25,000	23,000	23,000	22,000	−1,000	−8,000
New Jersey	268,000	265,000	301,000	298,000	352,000	54,000	84,000
New Mexico	22,000	20,000	25,000	28,000	21,000	−7,000	−1,000
New York	910,000	798,000	831,000	841,000	832,000	−8,000	−77,000
North Carolina	44,000	63,000	55,000	68,000	76,000	7,000	32,000
North Dakota	10,000	11,000	9,000	11,000	12,000	1,000	2,000
Ohio	311,000	292,000	270,000	309,000	311,000	2,000	0
Oklahoma	40,000	44,000	36,000	33,000	38,000	5,000	−3,000
Oregon	110,000	123,000	137,000	129,000	115,000	−14,000	5,000
Pennsylvania	353,000	392,000	336,000	361,000	401,000	40,000	47,000
Rhode Island	38,000	40,000	38,000	41,000	38,000	−3,000	0
South Carolina	22,000	32,000	19,000	21,000	31,000	10,000	9,000
South Dakota	9,000	8,000	9,000	5,000	6,000	1,000	−2,000
Tennessee	71,000	62,000	73,000	76,000	88,000	12,000	16,000
Texas	271,000	261,000	234,000	235,000	306,000	71,000	34,000
Utah	37,000	20,000	20,000	24,000	22,000	−2,000	−15,000
Vermont	13,000	12,000	13,000	14,000	21,000	7,000	8,000
Virginia	76,000	59,000	69,000	68,000	71,000	3,000	−5,000
Washington	334,000	284,000	287,000	302,000	282,000	−20,000	−52,000
West Virginia	44,000	41,000	32,000	38,000	38,000	0	−6,000
Wisconsin	120,000	151,000	125,000	123,000	126,000	3,000	6,000
Wyoming	9,000	9,000	7,000	6,000	6,000	0	−3,000
Total employment
Alabama	1,729,000	1,582,000	1,615,000	1,737,000	1,752,000	15,000	23,000
Alaska	202,000	209,000	213,000	215,000	223,000	9,000	21,000
Arizona	2,606,000	2,492,000	2,669,000	2,684,000	2,744,000	60,000	139,000
Arkansas	1,003,000	976,000	982,000	1,002,000	1,009,000	6,000	6,000
California	14,065,000	12,813,000	13,269,000	13,715,000	13,844,000	129,000	−220,000
Colorado	2,174,000	2,094,000	2,101,000	2,206,000	2,265,000	59,000	91,000
Connecticut	1,457,000	1,342,000	1,319,000	1,412,000	1,378,000	−34,000	−78,000
Delaware	369,000	355,000	366,000	378,000	365,000	−13,000	−5,000
District Of Columbia	265,000	246,000	255,000	240,000	249,000	9,000	−16,000
Florida	7,639,000	7,118,000	7,528,000	7,942,000	8,316,000	373,000	676,000
Georgia	3,754,000	3,566,000	3,697,000	3,852,000	3,922,000	70,000	168,000
Hawaii	440,000	383,000	406,000	444,000	439,000	−5,000	−1,000
Idaho	659,000	615,000	651,000	698,000	679,000	−19,000	21,000
Illinois	4,919,000	4,551,000	4,631,000	4,903,000	4,851,000	−52,000	−68,000
Indiana	2,650,000	2,515,000	2,474,000	2,669,000	2,681,000	12,000	31,000
Iowa	1,299,000	1,173,000	1,205,000	1,296,000	1,284,000	−12,000	−16,000
Kansas	1,038,000	1,069,000	1,074,000	1,052,000	1,118,000	66,000	80,000
Kentucky	1,531,000	1,419,000	1,483,000	1,519,000	1,436,000	−83,000	−95,000
Louisiana	1,467,000	1,382,000	1,400,000	1,480,000	1,469,000	−11,000	2,000
Maine	499,000	446,000	471,000	447,000	477,000	30,000	−22,000
Maryland	2,203,000	2,050,000	2,054,000	2,097,000	2,100,000	3,000	−103,000
Massachusetts	2,982,000	2,668,000	2,791,000	2,852,000	2,866,000	14,000	−116,000
Michigan	3,883,000	3,518,000	3,526,000	3,807,000	3,935,000	128,000	51,000
Minnesota	2,324,000	2,154,000	2,195,000	2,312,000	2,304,000	−8,000	−20,000
Mississippi	897,000	861,000	893,000	905,000	880,000	−25,000	−17,000
Missouri	2,275,000	2,167,000	2,256,000	2,279,000	2,381,000	102,000	106,000
Montana	358,000	336,000	356,000	372,000	387,000	15,000	29,000
Nebraska	756,000	744,000	765,000	797,000	793,000	−4,000	36,000
Nevada	1,183,000	1,042,000	1,104,000	1,132,000	1,190,000	58,000	7,000
New Hampshire	589,000	543,000	552,000	586,000	581,000	−6,000	−8,000
New Jersey	3,444,000	3,187,000	3,227,000	3,586,000	3,665,000	79,000	221,000
New Mexico	603,000	540,000	578,000	616,000	601,000	−15,000	−2,000
New York	7,026,000	6,306,000	6,430,000	6,855,000	6,911,000	55,000	−116,000
North Carolina	3,693,000	3,573,000	3,606,000	3,713,000	3,955,000	242,000	262,000
North Dakota	297,000	276,000	289,000	305,000	299,000	−5,000	2,000
Ohio	4,396,000	4,056,000	4,269,000	4,272,000	4,346,000	74,000	−50,000
Oklahoma	1,267,000	1,219,000	1,271,000	1,255,000	1,347,000	92,000	80,000
Oregon	1,504,000	1,406,000	1,454,000	1,531,000	1,526,000	−5,000	22,000
Pennsylvania	5,038,000	4,709,000	4,729,000	4,934,000	5,088,000	154,000	50,000
Rhode Island	400,000	393,000	414,000	438,000	444,000	6,000	43,000
South Carolina	1,806,000	1,711,000	1,762,000	1,709,000	1,755,000	46,000	−52,000
South Dakota	332,000	325,000	336,000	365,000	366,000	1,000	35,000
Tennessee	2,533,000	2,291,000	2,411,000	2,516,000	2,542,000	26,000	9,000
Texas	10,699,000	9,902,000	10,361,000	10,780,000	11,268,000	488,000	569,000
Utah	1,164,000	1,166,000	1,244,000	1,293,000	1,345,000	52,000	181,000
Vermont	243,000	221,000	215,000	232,000	256,000	24,000	13,000
Virginia	3,073,000	2,883,000	2,824,000	3,028,000	3,131,000	103,000	58,000
Washington	2,809,000	2,679,000	2,649,000	2,760,000	2,919,000	160,000	111,000
West Virginia	581,000	544,000	555,000	554,000	566,000	11,000	−16,000
Wisconsin	2,300,000	2,208,000	2,305,000	2,296,000	2,403,000	108,000	104,000
Wyoming	179,000	175,000	175,000	177,000	194,000	16,000	15,000
Sample size
Alabama	2,564	2,219	2,329	2,297	2,139
Alaska	1,221	1,173	1,111	1,050	1,070
Arizona	2,069	1,867	1,864	1,733	1,731
Arkansas	2,209	1,911	1,900	1,793	1,782
California	11,278	9,312	9,456	9,344	9,094
Colorado	1,672	1,518	1,519	1,583	1,413
Connecticut	1,489	1,229	1,197	1,195	1,182
Delaware	1,373	1,199	1,266	1,258	1,137
District Of Columbia	1,989	1,763	1,760	1,648	1,484
Florida	5,698	4,847	5,286	5,251	5,114
Georgia	2,995	2,514	2,553	2,352	2,281
Hawaii	1,687	1,286	1,352	1,438	1,384
Idaho	2,204	1,958	2,058	1,974	1,844
Illinois	3,760	3,285	3,264	3,196	3,027
Indiana	2,323	2,009	2,024	1,984	1,788
Iowa	1,765	1,472	1,392	1,395	1,381
Kansas	1,652	1,569	1,516	1,325	1,363
Kentucky	1,423	1,284	1,330	1,179	1,014
Louisiana	2,701	2,288	2,305	2,276	2,161
Maine	1,043	900	857	781	788
Maryland	1,581	1,390	1,375	1,271	1,180
Massachusetts	3,127	2,657	2,729	2,708	2,634
Michigan	3,186	2,743	2,586	2,607	2,607
Minnesota	1,944	1,685	1,600	1,645	1,597
Mississippi	2,009	1,813	1,828	1,745	1,568
Missouri	1,825	1,694	1,751	1,666	1,679
Montana	2,135	1,875	1,839	1,690	1,670
Nebraska	1,790	1,667	1,665	1,521	1,457
Nevada	1,803	1,489	1,537	1,486	1,440
New Hampshire	2,097	1,788	1,661	1,561	1,458
New Jersey	2,802	2,348	2,244	2,204	2,178
New Mexico	1,766	1,451	1,536	1,527	1,365
New York	5,329	4,338	4,025	4,088	3,883
North Carolina	2,920	2,505	2,705	2,592	2,748
North Dakota	2,160	1,938	2,013	1,881	1,578
Ohio	3,275	2,811	2,892	2,633	2,523
Oklahoma	1,730	1,611	1,535	1,373	1,428
Oregon	1,968	1,807	1,862	1,805	1,661
Pennsylvania	3,723	3,212	3,221	3,255	3,137
Rhode Island	1,241	1,090	1,082	1,015	1,001
South Carolina	2,030	1,760	1,821	1,668	1,689
South Dakota	1,562	1,429	1,420	1,397	1,321
Tennessee	2,590	2,131	2,154	2,005	1,827
Texas	7,585	6,286	6,613	6,523	6,332
Utah	2,196	2,052	2,132	2,054	1,940
Vermont	1,779	1,551	1,467	1,398	1,423
Virginia	2,355	2,072	1,977	1,972	1,896
Washington	2,528	2,283	2,125	2,028	2,106
West Virginia	2,433	2,029	1,877	1,841	1,812
Wisconsin	1,914	1,737	1,732	1,663	1,690
Wyoming	1,597	1,492	1,407	1,341	1,331
* Many estimates here and in the final published BLS report are subject to substantial sampling error due to small underlying sample sizes.
Note: Workers 16 and older; excludes self-employed and self-incorporated. Changes may not match exactly due to rounding.
Source: Economic Policy Institute. 2020. Current Population Survey Extracts, Version 1.0.46, https://microdata.epi.org.