| Table 5a: Union membership and union coverage within the private sector, 12-months ending December, 2019 to 2025 | ||||||||||
| By selected characteristics | ||||||||||
| 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | Change | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-2024 | 2025-2019 | |||||||||
| Coverage (%) | ||||||||||
| All | 7.1% | 7.2% | 7.0% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.7% | 6.8% | 0.1 | −0.3 | |
| Gender | Men | 8.5% | 8.4% | 8.1% | 7.9% | 7.9% | 7.7% | 7.9% | 0.2 | −0.6 | Women | 5.5% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.5% | 5.6% | 5.5% | 5.5% | −0.1 | 0.0 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) | White | 7.0% | 7.0% | 6.9% | 6.7% | 6.6% | 6.4% | 6.7% | 0.3 | −0.3 | Black | 8.2% | 8.8% | 7.9% | 8.0% | 8.7% | 8.6% | 8.2% | −0.4 | 0.0 | Hispanic | 6.9% | 7.2% | 7.0% | 6.7% | 6.8% | 6.4% | 6.3% | −0.1 | −0.6 | AAPI | 6.6% | 5.8% | 5.8% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 6.5% | 6.5% | 0.0 | −0.1 | Other | 7.3% | 6.1% | 5.6% | 7.1% | 5.3% | 6.5% | 6.0% | −0.5 | −1.3 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) | White | 6.9% | 7.0% | 6.9% | 6.6% | 6.6% | 6.4% | 6.5% | 0.2 | −0.4 | Black | 8.6% | 9.0% | 8.0% | 8.3% | 8.7% | 8.8% | 8.3% | −0.5 | −0.3 | Hispanic | 6.9% | 7.2% | 7.0% | 6.7% | 6.8% | 6.4% | 6.3% | −0.1 | −0.6 | Asian | 6.3% | 5.7% | 5.5% | 5.7% | 5.6% | 6.3% | 6.5% | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) and gender | White Men | 8.7% | 8.5% | 8.2% | 7.9% | 7.9% | 7.8% | 8.2% | 0.4 | −0.5 | White Women | 5.0% | 5.3% | 5.4% | 5.2% | 5.1% | 4.9% | 5.0% | 0.1 | −0.1 | Black Men | 9.5% | 10.0% | 9.6% | 9.5% | 10.3% | 9.7% | 9.7% | 0.0 | 0.1 | Black Women | 7.1% | 7.7% | 6.4% | 6.6% | 7.3% | 7.6% | 6.7% | −0.8 | −0.3 | Hispanic Men | 8.0% | 8.2% | 7.9% | 7.7% | 7.6% | 6.9% | 7.0% | 0.1 | −1.0 | Hispanic Women | 5.4% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 5.3% | 5.8% | 5.7% | 5.3% | −0.3 | −0.1 | Asian Men | 6.2% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.6% | 6.3% | 6.4% | 5.8% | −0.6 | −0.4 | Asian Women | 7.0% | 5.9% | 6.0% | 6.4% | 5.6% | 6.5% | 7.2% | 0.7 | 0.2 | Other Men | 10.5% | 7.6% | 7.8% | 8.2% | 6.7% | 8.6% | 7.9% | −0.7 | −2.7 | Other Women | 3.9% | 4.3% | 3.0% | 6.0% | 3.9% | 4.3% | 3.7% | −0.5 | −0.2 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) and gender | White Men | 8.5% | 8.4% | 8.1% | 7.8% | 7.8% | 7.5% | 7.8% | 0.3 | −0.7 | White Women | 5.0% | 5.4% | 5.4% | 5.1% | 5.2% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 0.0 | 0.0 | Black Men | 9.9% | 10.3% | 9.7% | 9.8% | 10.3% | 9.7% | 9.8% | 0.2 | 0.0 | Black Women | 7.4% | 7.7% | 6.4% | 6.8% | 7.3% | 8.0% | 6.8% | −1.1 | −0.6 | Hispanic Men | 8.0% | 8.2% | 7.9% | 7.7% | 7.6% | 6.9% | 7.0% | 0.1 | −1.0 | Hispanic Women | 5.4% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 5.3% | 5.8% | 5.7% | 5.3% | −0.3 | −0.1 | Asian Men | 5.9% | 5.4% | 5.1% | 5.1% | 5.8% | 6.3% | 5.8% | −0.6 | −0.1 | Asian Women | 6.8% | 5.9% | 5.9% | 6.3% | 5.4% | 6.3% | 7.3% | 1.1 | 0.5 |
| Age | 16-24 | 4.0% | 3.9% | 4.0% | 4.2% | 4.0% | 3.8% | 4.1% | 0.4 | 0.1 | 25-34 | 6.4% | 6.7% | 6.7% | 6.1% | 6.5% | 6.4% | 6.4% | 0.0 | −0.1 | 35-44 | 7.8% | 7.5% | 7.4% | 7.1% | 6.9% | 7.1% | 7.2% | 0.1 | −0.6 | 45-54 | 8.2% | 8.7% | 8.2% | 7.9% | 8.1% | 7.8% | 7.9% | 0.1 | −0.3 | 55-64 | 8.9% | 8.9% | 8.2% | 8.6% | 8.6% | 8.1% | 8.2% | 0.1 | −0.7 | 65 & up | 6.5% | 6.4% | 6.2% | 6.6% | 6.6% | 6.5% | 6.2% | −0.4 | −0.3 |
| Membership (%) | ||||||||||
| All | 6.2% | 6.3% | 6.1% | 6.0% | 6.0% | 5.9% | 5.9% | 0.0 | −0.3 | |
| Gender | Men | 7.5% | 7.5% | 7.2% | 7.1% | 7.1% | 6.9% | 7.0% | 0.1 | −0.5 | Women | 4.7% | 5.0% | 4.7% | 4.7% | 4.8% | 4.7% | 4.6% | 0.0 | −0.1 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) | White | 6.2% | 6.2% | 6.1% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 5.7% | 5.9% | 0.2 | −0.3 | Black | 7.2% | 7.5% | 7.0% | 7.3% | 7.7% | 7.7% | 7.1% | −0.6 | −0.1 | Hispanic | 5.9% | 6.5% | 6.0% | 5.7% | 6.0% | 5.4% | 5.5% | 0.1 | −0.4 | AAPI | 5.6% | 5.1% | 4.8% | 5.4% | 5.1% | 5.5% | 5.3% | −0.2 | −0.2 | Other | 6.3% | 5.4% | 5.2% | 6.0% | 4.7% | 6.1% | 5.1% | −1.0 | −1.2 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) | White | 6.1% | 6.3% | 6.0% | 5.8% | 5.8% | 5.6% | 5.8% | 0.2 | −0.3 | Black | 7.5% | 7.7% | 7.0% | 7.5% | 7.8% | 7.9% | 7.3% | −0.6 | −0.2 | Hispanic | 5.9% | 6.5% | 6.0% | 5.7% | 6.0% | 5.4% | 5.5% | 0.1 | −0.4 | Asian | 5.3% | 4.9% | 4.6% | 5.1% | 4.8% | 5.3% | 5.3% | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) and gender | White Men | 7.8% | 7.7% | 7.4% | 7.3% | 7.0% | 7.1% | 7.5% | 0.4 | −0.4 | White Women | 4.3% | 4.6% | 4.6% | 4.3% | 4.4% | 4.2% | 4.2% | 0.0 | −0.2 | Black Men | 8.4% | 8.7% | 8.5% | 8.6% | 9.2% | 9.0% | 8.3% | −0.7 | −0.1 | Black Women | 6.1% | 6.5% | 5.5% | 6.0% | 6.4% | 6.4% | 5.8% | −0.6 | −0.3 | Hispanic Men | 6.9% | 7.4% | 6.9% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.0% | 6.2% | 0.2 | −0.7 | Hispanic Women | 4.5% | 5.2% | 4.8% | 4.3% | 5.1% | 4.7% | 4.6% | 0.0 | 0.2 | Asian Men | 5.2% | 5.0% | 4.7% | 5.0% | 5.3% | 5.5% | 4.6% | −0.9 | −0.6 | Asian Women | 5.9% | 5.2% | 4.9% | 5.8% | 4.8% | 5.6% | 6.1% | 0.6 | 0.2 | Other Men | 9.2% | 6.9% | 7.4% | 6.7% | 6.0% | 8.2% | 7.3% | −0.8 | −1.9 | Other Women | 3.4% | 3.5% | 2.6% | 5.3% | 3.4% | 3.9% | 2.5% | −1.4 | −0.8 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) and gender | White Men | 7.6% | 7.6% | 7.2% | 7.1% | 7.0% | 6.8% | 7.1% | 0.3 | −0.5 | White Women | 4.3% | 4.7% | 4.6% | 4.3% | 4.4% | 4.2% | 4.2% | 0.0 | −0.1 | Black Men | 8.5% | 9.0% | 8.6% | 8.9% | 9.2% | 8.9% | 8.7% | −0.2 | 0.1 | Black Women | 6.5% | 6.5% | 5.6% | 6.1% | 6.4% | 6.8% | 5.9% | −1.0 | −0.6 | Hispanic Men | 6.9% | 7.4% | 6.9% | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.0% | 6.2% | 0.2 | −0.7 | Hispanic Women | 4.5% | 5.2% | 4.8% | 4.3% | 5.1% | 4.7% | 4.6% | 0.0 | 0.2 | Asian Men | 4.9% | 4.7% | 4.3% | 4.6% | 4.8% | 5.3% | 4.6% | −0.8 | −0.3 | Asian Women | 5.7% | 5.2% | 4.9% | 5.7% | 4.7% | 5.3% | 6.1% | 0.9 | 0.4 |
| Age | 16-24 | 3.4% | 3.3% | 3.1% | 3.5% | 3.3% | 3.1% | 3.4% | 0.3 | 0.0 | 25-34 | 5.3% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 5.3% | 5.7% | 5.6% | 5.4% | −0.2 | 0.1 | 35-44 | 7.0% | 6.6% | 6.5% | 6.2% | 6.1% | 6.2% | 6.2% | 0.0 | −0.8 | 45-54 | 7.3% | 7.7% | 7.4% | 7.0% | 7.2% | 6.9% | 7.2% | 0.2 | −0.1 | 55-64 | 8.0% | 8.1% | 7.3% | 7.8% | 7.8% | 7.4% | 7.4% | 0.0 | −0.6 | 65 & up | 5.7% | 5.6% | 5.5% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 5.8% | 5.4% | −0.4 | −0.3 |
| Coverage | ||||||||||
| All | 8,562,000 | 8,021,000 | 8,050,000 | 8,164,000 | 8,424,000 | 8,215,000 | 8,440,000 | 225,000 | −122,000 | |
| Gender | Men | 5,451,000 | 5,032,000 | 5,035,000 | 5,081,000 | 5,220,000 | 5,043,000 | 5,268,000 | 225,000 | −184,000 | Women | 3,111,000 | 2,989,000 | 3,015,000 | 3,083,000 | 3,204,000 | 3,172,000 | 3,172,000 | 0 | 61,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) | White | 5,095,000 | 4,782,000 | 4,811,000 | 4,745,000 | 4,750,000 | 4,579,000 | 4,741,000 | 162,000 | −354,000 | Black | 1,216,000 | 1,185,000 | 1,112,000 | 1,196,000 | 1,343,000 | 1,317,000 | 1,294,000 | −22,000 | 79,000 | Hispanic | 1,573,000 | 1,509,000 | 1,556,000 | 1,575,000 | 1,673,000 | 1,599,000 | 1,625,000 | 25,000 | 52,000 | AAPI | 589,000 | 481,000 | 507,000 | 562,000 | 592,000 | 641,000 | 705,000 | 64,000 | 115,000 | Other | 89,000 | 64,000 | 65,000 | 85,000 | 66,000 | 79,000 | 74,000 | −5,000 | −15,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) | White | 6,441,000 | 6,091,000 | 6,157,000 | 6,078,000 | 6,223,000 | 5,932,000 | 6,115,000 | 182,000 | −326,000 | Black | 1,289,000 | 1,218,000 | 1,133,000 | 1,252,000 | 1,369,000 | 1,371,000 | 1,330,000 | −41,000 | 41,000 | Hispanic | 1,573,000 | 1,509,000 | 1,556,000 | 1,575,000 | 1,673,000 | 1,599,000 | 1,625,000 | 25,000 | 52,000 | Asian | 519,000 | 427,000 | 441,000 | 482,000 | 498,000 | 568,000 | 640,000 | 72,000 | 121,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) and gender | White Men | 3,390,000 | 3,100,000 | 3,061,000 | 3,027,000 | 3,036,000 | 2,951,000 | 3,110,000 | 159,000 | −280,000 | White Women | 1,705,000 | 1,682,000 | 1,750,000 | 1,718,000 | 1,714,000 | 1,628,000 | 1,631,000 | 4,000 | −73,000 | Black Men | 663,000 | 642,000 | 645,000 | 688,000 | 766,000 | 720,000 | 755,000 | 35,000 | 92,000 | Black Women | 552,000 | 543,000 | 467,000 | 508,000 | 577,000 | 597,000 | 539,000 | −58,000 | −13,000 | Hispanic Men | 1,046,000 | 994,000 | 1,022,000 | 1,039,000 | 1,048,000 | 989,000 | 1,020,000 | 32,000 | −26,000 | Hispanic Women | 527,000 | 515,000 | 534,000 | 536,000 | 625,000 | 611,000 | 604,000 | −6,000 | 77,000 | Asian Men | 286,000 | 253,000 | 258,000 | 275,000 | 327,000 | 329,000 | 328,000 | 0 | 42,000 | Asian Women | 303,000 | 228,000 | 249,000 | 287,000 | 264,000 | 312,000 | 376,000 | 64,000 | 73,000 | Other Men | 65,000 | 43,000 | 49,000 | 52,000 | 42,000 | 54,000 | 53,000 | −1,000 | −12,000 | Other Women | 24,000 | 21,000 | 16,000 | 34,000 | 24,000 | 25,000 | 21,000 | −4,000 | −3,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) and gender | White Men | 4,304,000 | 3,970,000 | 3,953,000 | 3,918,000 | 3,990,000 | 3,802,000 | 3,975,000 | 173,000 | −329,000 | White Women | 2,137,000 | 2,120,000 | 2,204,000 | 2,159,000 | 2,232,000 | 2,130,000 | 2,139,000 | 10,000 | 3,000 | Black Men | 703,000 | 670,000 | 662,000 | 724,000 | 781,000 | 733,000 | 776,000 | 43,000 | 73,000 | Black Women | 587,000 | 547,000 | 471,000 | 528,000 | 588,000 | 638,000 | 554,000 | −84,000 | −32,000 | Hispanic Men | 1,046,000 | 994,000 | 1,022,000 | 1,039,000 | 1,048,000 | 989,000 | 1,020,000 | 32,000 | −26,000 | Hispanic Women | 527,000 | 515,000 | 534,000 | 536,000 | 625,000 | 611,000 | 604,000 | −6,000 | 77,000 | Asian Men | 253,000 | 221,000 | 219,000 | 230,000 | 273,000 | 299,000 | 299,000 | 0 | 46,000 | Asian Women | 266,000 | 206,000 | 222,000 | 252,000 | 225,000 | 269,000 | 341,000 | 72,000 | 75,000 |
| Age | 16-24 | 703,000 | 604,000 | 677,000 | 729,000 | 736,000 | 668,000 | 728,000 | 60,000 | 25,000 | 25-34 | 1,898,000 | 1,819,000 | 1,883,000 | 1,740,000 | 1,914,000 | 1,856,000 | 1,885,000 | 30,000 | −12,000 | 35-44 | 1,966,000 | 1,762,000 | 1,818,000 | 1,844,000 | 1,836,000 | 1,929,000 | 2,003,000 | 74,000 | 37,000 | 45-54 | 1,892,000 | 1,869,000 | 1,793,000 | 1,792,000 | 1,856,000 | 1,773,000 | 1,826,000 | 53,000 | −66,000 | 55-64 | 1,680,000 | 1,576,000 | 1,482,000 | 1,621,000 | 1,619,000 | 1,520,000 | 1,541,000 | 21,000 | −139,000 | 65 & up | 424,000 | 391,000 | 397,000 | 437,000 | 462,000 | 469,000 | 457,000 | −12,000 | 33,000 |
| Membership | ||||||||||
| All | 7,508,000 | 7,082,000 | 7,026,000 | 7,219,000 | 7,408,000 | 7,229,000 | 7,381,000 | 152,000 | −127,000 | |
| Gender | Men | 4,850,000 | 4,509,000 | 4,471,000 | 4,594,000 | 4,657,000 | 4,546,000 | 4,692,000 | 146,000 | −158,000 | Women | 2,658,000 | 2,573,000 | 2,555,000 | 2,625,000 | 2,751,000 | 2,682,000 | 2,688,000 | 6,000 | 30,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) | White | 4,528,000 | 4,236,000 | 4,244,000 | 4,207,000 | 4,176,000 | 4,066,000 | 4,193,000 | 128,000 | −335,000 | Black | 1,067,000 | 1,019,000 | 974,000 | 1,082,000 | 1,193,000 | 1,179,000 | 1,118,000 | −61,000 | 51,000 | Hispanic | 1,337,000 | 1,352,000 | 1,328,000 | 1,355,000 | 1,478,000 | 1,363,000 | 1,426,000 | 64,000 | 89,000 | AAPI | 498,000 | 420,000 | 419,000 | 504,000 | 502,000 | 546,000 | 579,000 | 33,000 | 81,000 | Other | 77,000 | 56,000 | 60,000 | 72,000 | 59,000 | 75,000 | 64,000 | −11,000 | −13,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) | White | 5,671,000 | 5,409,000 | 5,395,000 | 5,358,000 | 5,462,000 | 5,205,000 | 5,390,000 | 185,000 | −282,000 | Black | 1,120,000 | 1,046,000 | 992,000 | 1,126,000 | 1,218,000 | 1,225,000 | 1,161,000 | −64,000 | 41,000 | Hispanic | 1,337,000 | 1,352,000 | 1,328,000 | 1,355,000 | 1,478,000 | 1,363,000 | 1,426,000 | 64,000 | 89,000 | Asian | 434,000 | 373,000 | 368,000 | 434,000 | 422,000 | 478,000 | 523,000 | 45,000 | 89,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) and gender | White Men | 3,062,000 | 2,796,000 | 2,756,000 | 2,764,000 | 2,719,000 | 2,680,000 | 2,828,000 | 147,000 | −234,000 | White Women | 1,466,000 | 1,440,000 | 1,488,000 | 1,443,000 | 1,457,000 | 1,385,000 | 1,365,000 | −20,000 | −101,000 | Black Men | 587,000 | 560,000 | 568,000 | 625,000 | 687,000 | 673,000 | 652,000 | −21,000 | 65,000 | Black Women | 480,000 | 459,000 | 406,000 | 457,000 | 506,000 | 506,000 | 466,000 | −40,000 | −14,000 | Hispanic Men | 902,000 | 897,000 | 885,000 | 917,000 | 938,000 | 860,000 | 902,000 | 42,000 | 0 | Hispanic Women | 435,000 | 456,000 | 443,000 | 437,000 | 541,000 | 503,000 | 524,000 | 22,000 | 89,000 | Asian Men | 242,000 | 218,000 | 215,000 | 245,000 | 276,000 | 281,000 | 260,000 | −21,000 | 18,000 | Asian Women | 256,000 | 202,000 | 204,000 | 259,000 | 226,000 | 265,000 | 319,000 | 54,000 | 63,000 | Other Men | 57,000 | 39,000 | 46,000 | 42,000 | 38,000 | 52,000 | 50,000 | −2,000 | −7,000 | Other Women | 20,000 | 17,000 | 14,000 | 30,000 | 21,000 | 23,000 | 14,000 | −9,000 | −6,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) and gender | White Men | 3,857,000 | 3,577,000 | 3,528,000 | 3,553,000 | 3,565,000 | 3,420,000 | 3,584,000 | 165,000 | −273,000 | White Women | 1,815,000 | 1,832,000 | 1,867,000 | 1,805,000 | 1,898,000 | 1,785,000 | 1,806,000 | 20,000 | −9,000 | Black Men | 609,000 | 585,000 | 585,000 | 654,000 | 702,000 | 677,000 | 686,000 | 9,000 | 77,000 | Black Women | 512,000 | 461,000 | 407,000 | 471,000 | 516,000 | 548,000 | 475,000 | −73,000 | −37,000 | Hispanic Men | 902,000 | 897,000 | 885,000 | 917,000 | 938,000 | 860,000 | 902,000 | 42,000 | 0 | Hispanic Women | 435,000 | 456,000 | 443,000 | 437,000 | 541,000 | 503,000 | 524,000 | 22,000 | 89,000 | Asian Men | 210,000 | 190,000 | 184,000 | 207,000 | 227,000 | 252,000 | 237,000 | −15,000 | 26,000 | Asian Women | 224,000 | 182,000 | 184,000 | 227,000 | 195,000 | 226,000 | 286,000 | 60,000 | 63,000 |
| Age | 16-24 | 590,000 | 510,000 | 532,000 | 607,000 | 610,000 | 546,000 | 599,000 | 53,000 | 9,000 | 25-34 | 1,575,000 | 1,593,000 | 1,618,000 | 1,528,000 | 1,654,000 | 1,616,000 | 1,606,000 | −10,000 | 31,000 | 35-44 | 1,753,000 | 1,563,000 | 1,591,000 | 1,620,000 | 1,628,000 | 1,677,000 | 1,721,000 | 45,000 | −31,000 | 45-54 | 1,697,000 | 1,651,000 | 1,614,000 | 1,591,000 | 1,645,000 | 1,586,000 | 1,659,000 | 73,000 | −38,000 | 55-64 | 1,520,000 | 1,426,000 | 1,321,000 | 1,480,000 | 1,465,000 | 1,389,000 | 1,394,000 | 4,000 | −127,000 | 65 & up | 373,000 | 339,000 | 350,000 | 393,000 | 405,000 | 416,000 | 402,000 | −14,000 | 29,000 |
| Total employment | ||||||||||
| All | 120,755,000 | 111,587,000 | 115,807,000 | 120,400,000 | 122,994,000 | 122,722,000 | 124,598,000 | 1,875,000 | 3,842,000 | |
| Gender | Men | 64,383,000 | 59,911,000 | 61,960,000 | 64,485,000 | 65,746,000 | 65,419,000 | 66,654,000 | 1,234,000 | 2,270,000 | Women | 56,372,000 | 51,676,000 | 53,847,000 | 55,915,000 | 57,248,000 | 57,303,000 | 57,944,000 | 641,000 | 1,572,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) | White | 72,958,000 | 67,937,000 | 69,720,000 | 71,289,000 | 71,941,000 | 71,104,000 | 70,717,000 | −387,000 | −2,241,000 | Black | 14,792,000 | 13,517,000 | 14,007,000 | 14,904,000 | 15,397,000 | 15,356,000 | 15,828,000 | 472,000 | 1,036,000 | Hispanic | 22,833,000 | 20,839,000 | 22,160,000 | 23,628,000 | 24,532,000 | 25,146,000 | 25,960,000 | 814,000 | 3,127,000 | AAPI | 8,948,000 | 8,251,000 | 8,763,000 | 9,386,000 | 9,889,000 | 9,893,000 | 10,846,000 | 953,000 | 1,899,000 | Other | 1,225,000 | 1,043,000 | 1,157,000 | 1,193,000 | 1,236,000 | 1,224,000 | 1,247,000 | 23,000 | 22,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) | White | 93,189,000 | 86,478,000 | 89,389,000 | 92,268,000 | 93,692,000 | 93,292,000 | 93,580,000 | 288,000 | 391,000 | Black | 14,997,000 | 13,605,000 | 14,126,000 | 15,079,000 | 15,663,000 | 15,584,000 | 15,987,000 | 402,000 | 989,000 | Hispanic | 22,833,000 | 20,839,000 | 22,160,000 | 23,628,000 | 24,532,000 | 25,146,000 | 25,960,000 | 814,000 | 3,127,000 | Asian | 8,229,000 | 7,553,000 | 8,077,000 | 8,529,000 | 8,882,000 | 9,015,000 | 9,837,000 | 822,000 | 1,608,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) and gender | Age | 39,106,000 | 36,421,000 | 37,147,000 | 38,106,000 | 38,611,000 | 37,858,000 | 37,914,000 | 56,000 | −1,193,000 | White Women | 33,852,000 | 31,516,000 | 32,573,000 | 33,183,000 | 33,330,000 | 33,246,000 | 32,803,000 | −443,000 | −1,048,000 | Black Men | 6,963,000 | 6,437,000 | 6,699,000 | 7,251,000 | 7,467,000 | 7,460,000 | 7,817,000 | 357,000 | 854,000 | Black Women | 7,829,000 | 7,080,000 | 7,308,000 | 7,653,000 | 7,929,000 | 7,896,000 | 8,011,000 | 115,000 | 182,000 | Hispanic Men | 13,059,000 | 12,106,000 | 12,875,000 | 13,566,000 | 13,846,000 | 14,341,000 | 14,596,000 | 255,000 | 1,538,000 | Hispanic Women | 9,774,000 | 8,733,000 | 9,286,000 | 10,062,000 | 10,686,000 | 10,805,000 | 11,364,000 | 559,000 | 1,590,000 | Asian Men | 4,636,000 | 4,382,000 | 4,615,000 | 4,931,000 | 5,187,000 | 5,129,000 | 5,647,000 | 518,000 | 1,011,000 | Asian Women | 4,311,000 | 3,869,000 | 4,149,000 | 4,454,000 | 4,702,000 | 4,764,000 | 5,199,000 | 435,000 | 888,000 | Other Men | 619,000 | 564,000 | 625,000 | 631,000 | 635,000 | 631,000 | 680,000 | 48,000 | 60,000 | Other Women | 606,000 | 478,000 | 532,000 | 562,000 | 601,000 | 593,000 | 567,000 | −26,000 | −38,000 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) and gender | White Men | 50,733,000 | 47,233,000 | 48,664,000 | 50,219,000 | 50,952,000 | 50,587,000 | 50,823,000 | 236,000 | 90,000 | White Women | 42,456,000 | 39,245,000 | 40,725,000 | 42,049,000 | 42,740,000 | 42,704,000 | 42,757,000 | 52,000 | 301,000 | Black Men | 7,118,000 | 6,516,000 | 6,814,000 | 7,362,000 | 7,593,000 | 7,586,000 | 7,887,000 | 301,000 | 769,000 | Black Women | 7,879,000 | 7,089,000 | 7,311,000 | 7,717,000 | 8,070,000 | 7,998,000 | 8,100,000 | 102,000 | 220,000 | Hispanic Men | 13,059,000 | 12,106,000 | 12,875,000 | 13,566,000 | 13,846,000 | 14,341,000 | 14,596,000 | 255,000 | 1,538,000 | Hispanic Women | 9,774,000 | 8,733,000 | 9,286,000 | 10,062,000 | 10,686,000 | 10,805,000 | 11,364,000 | 559,000 | 1,590,000 | Asian Men | 4,305,000 | 4,079,000 | 4,287,000 | 4,512,000 | 4,706,000 | 4,715,000 | 5,175,000 | 461,000 | 870,000 | Asian Women | 3,924,000 | 3,474,000 | 3,791,000 | 4,017,000 | 4,176,000 | 4,300,000 | 4,661,000 | 361,000 | 738,000 |
| Age | 16-24 | 17,433,000 | 15,574,000 | 16,939,000 | 17,514,000 | 18,399,000 | 17,727,000 | 17,634,000 | −93,000 | 202,000 | 25-34 | 29,535,000 | 27,205,000 | 28,120,000 | 28,740,000 | 29,229,000 | 29,005,000 | 29,685,000 | 680,000 | 150,000 | 35-44 | 25,185,000 | 23,606,000 | 24,573,000 | 25,946,000 | 26,503,000 | 27,229,000 | 27,956,000 | 728,000 | 2,771,000 | 45-54 | 23,156,000 | 21,479,000 | 21,738,000 | 22,596,000 | 22,974,000 | 22,843,000 | 23,107,000 | 264,000 | −49,000 | 55-64 | 18,941,000 | 17,652,000 | 18,049,000 | 18,931,000 | 18,897,000 | 18,756,000 | 18,822,000 | 66,000 | −119,000 | 65 & up | 6,504,000 | 6,071,000 | 6,387,000 | 6,673,000 | 6,992,000 | 7,163,000 | 7,392,000 | 229,000 | 888,000 |
| Sample size | ||||||||||
| All | 154,727 | 133,671 | 134,177 | 129,714 | 125,755 | 125,586 | 109,539 | |||
| Gender | Men | 78,633 | 68,252 | 68,586 | 66,361 | 64,079 | 64,060 | 55,879 | Women | 76,094 | 65,419 | 65,591 | 63,353 | 61,676 | 61,526 | 53,660 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) | White | 104,491 | 91,644 | 89,917 | 85,487 | 82,151 | 81,427 | 70,889 | Black | 15,570 | 13,234 | 13,657 | 13,218 | 12,696 | 12,160 | 10,586 | Hispanic | 22,427 | 18,331 | 19,641 | 19,882 | 20,031 | 20,910 | 18,100 | AAPI | 10,236 | 8,842 | 9,293 | 9,512 | 9,276 | 9,503 | 8,529 | Other | 2,003 | 1,620 | 1,669 | 1,615 | 1,601 | 1,586 | 1,435 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) | White | 124,948 | 108,361 | 107,668 | 103,483 | 100,355 | 100,364 | 87,253 | Black | 15,566 | 13,181 | 13,689 | 13,247 | 12,710 | 12,207 | 10,536 | Hispanic | 22,427 | 18,331 | 19,641 | 19,882 | 20,031 | 20,910 | 18,100 | Asian | 9,027 | 7,833 | 8,295 | 8,338 | 8,042 | 8,374 | 7,445 |
| Race/ethnicity (EPI**) and gender | White Men | 53,624 | 47,151 | 46,209 | 43,956 | 42,126 | 41,654 | 36,318 | White Women | 50,867 | 44,493 | 43,708 | 41,531 | 40,025 | 39,773 | 34,571 | Black Men | 6,843 | 5,837 | 6,091 | 6,003 | 5,734 | 5,529 | 4,882 | Black Women | 8,727 | 7,397 | 7,566 | 7,215 | 6,962 | 6,631 | 5,704 | Hispanic Men | 11,978 | 9,933 | 10,676 | 10,745 | 10,692 | 11,274 | 9,597 | Hispanic Women | 10,449 | 8,398 | 8,965 | 9,137 | 9,339 | 9,636 | 8,503 | Asian Men | 5,210 | 4,552 | 4,781 | 4,870 | 4,755 | 4,838 | 4,338 | Asian Women | 5,026 | 4,290 | 4,512 | 4,642 | 4,521 | 4,665 | 4,191 | Other Men | 978 | 779 | 829 | 787 | 772 | 765 | 744 | Other Women | 1,025 | 841 | 840 | 828 | 829 | 821 | 691 |
| Race/ethnicity (BLS***) and gender | White Men | 64,624 | 56,245 | 55,916 | 53,769 | 51,894 | 51,935 | 45,034 | White Women | 60,324 | 52,116 | 51,752 | 49,714 | 48,461 | 48,429 | 42,219 | Black Men | 6,848 | 5,818 | 6,121 | 5,986 | 5,721 | 5,557 | 4,835 | Black Women | 8,718 | 7,363 | 7,568 | 7,261 | 6,989 | 6,650 | 5,701 | Hispanic Men | 11,978 | 9,933 | 10,676 | 10,745 | 10,692 | 11,274 | 9,597 | Hispanic Women | 10,449 | 8,398 | 8,965 | 9,137 | 9,339 | 9,636 | 8,503 | Asian Men | 4,597 | 4,082 | 4,267 | 4,284 | 4,158 | 4,273 | 3,821 | Asian Women | 4,430 | 3,751 | 4,028 | 4,054 | 3,884 | 4,101 | 3,624 |
| Age | 16-24 | 18,696 | 15,210 | 16,139 | 15,440 | 15,174 | 15,109 | 12,927 | 25-34 | 34,093 | 28,809 | 29,376 | 28,324 | 27,207 | 27,045 | 23,435 | 35-44 | 33,172 | 29,094 | 29,390 | 28,632 | 27,722 | 28,161 | 24,564 | 45-54 | 31,451 | 27,351 | 26,859 | 25,785 | 25,084 | 24,895 | 21,726 | 55-64 | 27,428 | 24,275 | 23,513 | 22,638 | 21,606 | 21,212 | 18,699 | 65 & up | 9,887 | 8,932 | 8,900 | 8,895 | 8,962 | 9,164 | 8,188 |
| * Many estimates here and in the final published BLS report are subject to substantial sampling error due to small underlying sample sizes. | ||||||||||
| ** The EPI race/ethnicity categories in this table are mutually exclusive (i.e., white non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, and Hispanic any race). Data here will not match published BLS data because the BLS categories are not mutually exclusive. | ||||||||||
| *** The BLS race/ethnicity categories in this table are not mutually exclusive (i.e., white, Black, and Hispanic overlapping any race) to more closely match published BLS data. | ||||||||||
| Note: Workers 16 and older; excludes self-employed and self-incorporated. Changes may not match exactly due to rounding. | ||||||||||
| Source: Economic Policy Institute. 2026. Current Population Survey Extracts, Version 2026.1.14, https://microdata.epi.org. | ||||||||||