Table 3: Union membership and union coverage, 8-months ending August, 2019 to 2025
State and local government
	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	Change
								2025-2024	2025-2019
Coverage (%)
State and local government	38.7%	40.6%	39.4%	39.2%	37.0%	36.9%	37.1%	0.2	−1.6
Education	43.0%	45.8%	45.0%	44.9%	42.1%	41.1%	40.7%	−0.4	−2.3
K-12, Teachers	59.3%	62.1%	61.7%	60.1%	56.8%	55.3%	55.4%	0.0	−3.9
K-12, Non-teachers	36.5%	39.6%	37.8%	39.5%	36.9%	37.3%	34.3%	−3.0	−2.2
Not K-12	20.3%	23.9%	22.9%	22.5%	20.6%	20.1%	22.6%	2.5	2.3
Non-education	34.3%	35.4%	33.7%	33.5%	32.0%	32.7%	33.7%	1.0	−0.6
Membership (%)
State and local government	35.5%	37.0%	35.8%	35.5%	33.6%	33.6%	33.7%	0.1	−1.8
Education	39.1%	41.2%	40.2%	40.1%	38.1%	36.9%	36.7%	−0.2	−2.4
K-12, Teachers	54.6%	56.7%	56.1%	55.2%	51.8%	50.6%	50.6%	0.0	−4.0
K-12, Non-teachers	32.8%	34.9%	33.3%	34.0%	33.1%	32.7%	30.4%	−2.3	−2.4
Not K-12	17.8%	20.8%	19.5%	19.3%	18.1%	17.7%	20.1%	2.5	2.3
Non-education	31.9%	32.8%	31.4%	31.0%	29.2%	30.3%	30.9%	0.6	−1.0
Coverage
State and local government	4,417,000	4,520,000	4,428,000	4,509,000	4,312,000	4,318,000	4,373,000	56,000	−44,000
Education	2,500,000	2,543,000	2,528,000	2,568,000	2,433,000	2,409,000	2,342,000	−67,000	−158,000
K-12, Teachers	1,517,000	1,503,000	1,490,000	1,485,000	1,405,000	1,374,000	1,335,000	−39,000	−181,000
K-12, Non-teachers	724,000	734,000	770,000	814,000	789,000	773,000	737,000	−36,000	12,000
Not K-12	259,000	307,000	267,000	269,000	239,000	261,000	270,000	8,000	11,000
Non-education	1,917,000	1,977,000	1,900,000	1,941,000	1,879,000	1,909,000	2,031,000	123,000	115,000
Membership
State and local government	4,058,000	4,119,000	4,029,000	4,090,000	3,911,000	3,930,000	3,975,000	45,000	−83,000
Education	2,275,000	2,287,000	2,259,000	2,295,000	2,198,000	2,163,000	2,114,000	−49,000	−162,000
K-12, Teachers	1,397,000	1,374,000	1,355,000	1,363,000	1,279,000	1,255,000	1,220,000	−35,000	−177,000
K-12, Non-teachers	651,000	648,000	678,000	701,000	709,000	677,000	653,000	−24,000	2,000
Not K-12	227,000	266,000	227,000	231,000	210,000	230,000	240,000	10,000	13,000
Non-education	1,783,000	1,831,000	1,770,000	1,795,000	1,713,000	1,767,000	1,861,000	94,000	78,000
Total employment
State and local government	11,416,000	11,142,000	11,251,000	11,515,000	11,642,000	11,697,000	11,788,000	91,000	372,000
Education	5,821,000	5,557,000	5,617,000	5,724,000	5,773,000	5,859,000	5,756,000	−103,000	−64,000
K-12, Teachers	2,560,000	2,421,000	2,417,000	2,471,000	2,471,000	2,483,000	2,412,000	−71,000	−148,000
K-12, Non-teachers	1,985,000	1,854,000	2,037,000	2,060,000	2,140,000	2,075,000	2,150,000	75,000	164,000
Not K-12	1,275,000	1,282,000	1,163,000	1,193,000	1,162,000	1,301,000	1,194,000	−107,000	−81,000
Non-education	5,595,000	5,585,000	5,635,000	5,791,000	5,868,000	5,838,000	6,032,000	194,000	437,000
Sample size
State and local government	13,346	11,850	11,878	11,255	10,648	10,680	10,299
Education	6,834	5,961	5,925	5,632	5,281	5,351	5,055
K-12, Teachers	3,007	2,579	2,499	2,397	2,228	2,252	2,114
K-12, Non-teachers	2,376	2,033	2,185	2,068	1,961	1,921	1,888
Not K-12	1,451	1,349	1,241	1,167	1,092	1,178	1,053
Non-education	6,512	5,889	5,953	5,623	5,367	5,329	5,244
* Many estimates here and in the final published BLS report are subject to substantial sampling error due to small underlying sample sizes.
Note: Workers 16 and older; excludes self-employed and self-incorporated. Changes may not match exactly due to rounding.
Economic Policy Institute. 2025. Current Population Survey Extracts, Version 2025.9.11, https://microdata.epi.org.